Abstract
Wind or earthquake dynamic actions produce combined efforts on structures (axial force, bending moment about one or two axes, …) whose maximum values within a member section can often be represented by an elliptical envelope. The present chapter describes a technique to optimize reinforced concrete sections subjected to this type of dynamic load by adjusting quantities of steel and/or concrete so that the interaction curve characterizing the resistance of the section becomes tangent to the envelope of the maximum combined forces. The method relies on a geometrical transformation from the original space of forces in which the envelope is an ellipse to a so-called “standard normal space” where it becomes the unit circle. In this latter space, the safety margin of the section has a very simple geometric expression and is measurable with well-known tools of reliability analysis. The section parameters (steel and concrete) can then be adjusted in a very efficient way.
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