Optimal control of PV–WS battery-based microgrid using an adaptive water cycle technique

Abstract

This paper presents a new adaptive water cycle algorithm (AWCA) to optimize the controllers operation in a multiple distributed generators (DGs)-based microgrid. The inconsistent nature of renewable-based DG creates several challenges to stability margin of microgrid. The proposed AWCA improves the stability margin and transient profile of multi-DGs-based microgrid during various bounded/unbounded uncertainties. AWCA includes a sinusoidal chaotic map to handle all the nonlinearities produced in the microgrid. A multiple DG-based IEEE 9-bus microgrid system is considered to validate the performance of the proposed AWCA. Wind-generating system (WS) and photovoltaic (PV) with auxiliary battery energy storage are integrated to the microgrid as different DGs. A diesel engine generator with Pade approximation-based governor control is incorporated to provide uninterrupted microgrid operation. Here, second-order phase-locked loop-based feedback controllers are used for the grid synchronization of the DGs. The controller parameters of rotor-side converter and grid-side converter of WS are optimized to provide a better power regulation at the PCC. Similarly, the PV-VSC controller parameters are optimized by AWCA to improve the overall operation of the microgrid by minimizing the loss and improving stability. The performance of the proposed AWCA is verified under different DG-side as well as microgrid uncertainties. The efficacy of the proposed AWCA is presented in terms of power oscillation damping and improved stability limits. The assessments are evaluated in MATLAB script and dSPACE 1104-based hardware-in-loop platforms.