Abstract
Optical vortices in focal regions are studied using the Debye approximation. We discuss how scalar vortices give rise to different intensity structures in the focal region for a certain class of apertures. Vortices in cylindrical symmetric polarization distributions form new complex structures in the focal region, and in some cases the intensity is no longer zero on the optical axis. In particular, we find that for an azimuthal polarization distribution the local circulation deviates from that of the vortex impinging on the lens. On the other hand, upon using a radially polarized field distribution combined with an annular aperture, only the electric-field component along the optical axis remains, and the field structure is the same as in the scalar case.
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