Abstract
The advent of metasurface technology has revolutionized the field of optics and photonics in recent years due to its capability of engineering optical wavefronts with well-patterned nanostructures at subwavelength scale. Meanwhile, inspired and benefited from the tremendous success of the “lab-on-fiber” concept, the integration of metasurface with optical fibers has drawn particular interest in the last decade, which establishes a novel technological platform towards the development of “all-in-fiber” metasurface-based devices. Thereby, this review aims to present and summarize the optical fiber-integrated metasurfaces with the current state of the art. The application scenarios of the optical fiber metasurface-based devices are well classified and discussed accordingly, with a brief explanation of physical fundamentals and design methods. The key fabrication methods corresponding to various optical fiber metasurfaces are summarized and compared. Furthermore, the challenges and potential future research directions of optical fiber metasurfaces are addressed to further leverage the flexibility and versatility of meta-fiber-based devices. It is believed that the optical fiber metasurfaces, as a novel all-around technological platform, will be exploited for a large range of applications in telecommunication, sensing, imaging, and biomedicine.
Highlights
The emergence of metasurface technology in the last decade has witnessed the prosperity of optical devices being applied almost everywhere in the optical field
The introduction of phase discontinuities of metasurfaces enables the flexible engineering of the light propagation direction, phase, amplitude, and polarization, and a diversity of optical meta-devices has been created to meet the increasing demands in the nanophotonic field
The applications of optical fiber-integrated metasurfaces, which is regarded as an emerging platform from the branch of lab-on-fiber technology, have been reviewed comprehensively
Summary
Benefiting from its extraordinary features such as perfect light guiding, light volume, chemical inertness, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, a myriad of optical fiber-based applications have been realized, which has greatly revolutionized the optical sensing [2–6] and telecommunication industry [7–9] in the last five decades. Despite the tremendous success of optical fiber technology, it turns out that there remain several challenges that obstruct the further progress of optical fiber-based devices. The optical properties such as the propagation direction of guided modes, amplitude, mode profile, polarization states, are hardly to be altered after the fiber drawing fabrication process
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