Abstract
The typical structure of an optical fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, which has been widely investigated, is to produce the SPR phenomenon by the transmission of light in a fiber core. The traditional method is to peel off the fiber cladding by complex methods such as corrosion, polishing, and grinding. In this paper, the transmitted light of a single-mode fiber is injected into three kinds of fiber cladding by core-shift welding technology to obtain the evanescent field directly between the cladding and the air interface and to build the Kretschmann structure by plating with a 50-nm gold film. The SPR sensing phenomenon is realized in three kinds of fiber cladding of a single-mode fiber, a graded-index multimode fiber, and a step-index multimode fiber. For the step-index multimode fiber cladding SPR sensor, all the light field energy is coupled to the cladding, leading to no light field in the fiber core, the deepest resonance valley, and the narrowest full width at half maximum. The single-mode fiber cladding SPR sensor has the highest sensitivity, and the mean sensitivity of the probe reaches 2538 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) after parameter optimization.
Highlights
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology has become a novel sensing detection method in recent years
The experiment was divided into three groups, welding single-mode fiber, the gradient refractive index multimode fiber, and the step refractive index namely the core-shift welding single-mode fiber, the gradient refractive index multimode fiber, and multimode fiber, these fibers were respectively welded with a large core diameter multimode the step refractive index multimode fiber, these fibers were respectively welded with a large fiber by the normalized welding method to collect light
The optical fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor has a series of advantages such as high sensitivity, remote transmitting of monitored information by docking of the optical network, and rapid response, which has been widely investigated in the field of environmental geological monitoring
Summary
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology has become a novel sensing detection method in recent years. The technology is widely applied in the fields of biopharming, environment monitoring, and geological disasters due to its advantages of high sensitivity, rapid response speed, no label, and real-time monitoring [1,2]. Besides the above features of SPR technology, optical fiber SPR sensors have the advantages of a small size of the fiber, anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-corrosion, high temperature resistance, and remote sensing measurement. According to the principle of SPR detection, the essential condition of SPR sensing is that the evanescent field permeates into the gold film. In order to contact the evanescent field with the gold film, some of the traditional methods
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