Abstract
Zn1-xCdxO (x = 0, 1, 3, 5%) nanoparticles were synthesized by an auto combustion method. All the samples retained hexagonal wurtzite structure with loose and porous morphologies. The PL and XPS spectra showed that Cd ions incorporated into ZnO crystal successfully and the oxygen vacancies increased with the doped contents from 0% to 3%, and then decreased at 5%. The UV–vis absorbance and PL spectra results showed that Cd doping introduced impurity band energy, and the band gap energy first decreased with the Cd doping contents from 0% to 3%, and then increased at 5%. The photocatalytic performance showed that the photodegradation rate increased first then decreased with the increase of x and reached a maximum value at x = 3%, similar to the change of oxygen vacancies, indicating that the oxygen vacancies could be modified efficiently by Cd doping and acted as electron-trapping centers, thus inducing the separation of photo-generated carriers.
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