Abstract
Glaucoma detection is an important task, as this disease can affect the optic nerve, and this could lead to blindness. This can be prevented with early diagnosis, periodic controls, and treatment so that it can be stopped and prevent visual loss. Usually, the detection of glaucoma is carried out through various examinations such as tonometry, gonioscopy, pachymetry, etc. In this work, we carry out this detection by using images obtained through retinal cameras, in which we can observe the state of the optic nerve. This work addresses an accurate diagnostic methodology based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to classify these optical images. Most works require a large number of images to train their CNN architectures, and most of them use the whole image to perform the classification. We will use a small dataset containing 366 examples to train the proposed CNN architecture and we will only focus on the analysis of the optic disc by extracting it from the full image, as this is the element that provides the most information about glaucoma. We experiment with different RGB channels and their combinations from the optic disc, and additionally, we extract depth information. We obtain accuracy values of 0.945, by using the GB and the full RGB combination, and 0.934 for the grayscale transformation. Depth information did not help, as it limited the best accuracy value to 0.934.
Highlights
Márquez, Yenny Villuendas-Rey and Glaucoma is an illness that causes blindness in people of any age, but commonly in older adults
Once we have this information, we will use a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) model to estimate depth information from the extracted information. This depth information consists in a representation of the distance between the user’s point of view and the objects contained in the image; in this work we assume that the further object is the optic disc
We presented a simple CNN model capable of classifying glaucoma in digital retinal fundus color images, under low data conditions
Summary
Yenny Villuendas-Rey and Glaucoma is an illness that causes blindness in people of any age, but commonly in older adults. This hereditary disease damages the eye’s optic nerve, which usually happens when fluid builds up in the front part of the eye. That extra fluid increases the pressure in the eye (aqueous humor), damaging the optic nerve. It is permanent damage and cannot be reversed, medicine and surgery may help to stop further damage. The most common way of detecting it is carried out through different analyses that involve the use of tools that are in contact with the patient’s eye, such as tonometry, that consists in applying a small amount of pressure to the eye by using a tonometer or by a warm puff of air, to measure the inner eye pressure; ophthalmoscopy, that is a procedure that consists in dilating the pupil through eye drops, and examining the shape and color of the optic nerve; or gonioscopy, which aims to determine whether the angle where the iris meets the cornea is open and wide or narrow and closed, that defines the type of glaucoma, which is made by a hand-held contact lens placed on the eye (https://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/diagnostic-tests.php, last accessed 2 September 2021)
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