Open-Ended Learning Environments: Foundations, Assumptions, and Implications for Automated Design

Abstract

Interest has emerged in the design of open-ended learning systems, characterized collectively as “learning environments.” Open-ended learning environments are comprehensive, integrated systems that promote cognitive engagement through learner-centered activities, concrete manipulation, and guided exploration. In this chapter, a conceptual framework for designing open-ended learning environments is presented. A brief summary of related research and theory is presented, similarities and differences between learning environments and conventional training and instruction are provided, the underlying foundations and assumptions of open-ended learning systems are summarized, and the implications for automated design are described.