Abstract
Titanium oxyhydroxy-fluoride, TiO0.9(OH)0.9F1.2 · 0.59H2O rods with a hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB) structure, was synthesized via a facile one-step solvothermal method. The structure, morphology, and component of the products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), ion chromatograph, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses, and so on. Different rod morphologies which ranged from nanoscale to submicron scale were simply obtained by adjusting reaction conditions. With one-dimension channels for Li/Na intercalation/de-intercalation, the electrochemical performance of titanium oxyhydroxy-fluoride for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) was also studied. Electrochemical tests revealed that, for LIBs, titanium oxyhydroxy-fluoride exhibited a stabilized reversible capacity of 200 mAh g−1 at 25 mA g−1 up to 120 cycles in the electrode potential range of 3.0–1.2 V and 140 mAh g−1 at 250 mA g−1 up to 500 cycles, especially; for SIBs, a high capacity of 100 mAh g−1 was maintained at 25 mA g−1 after 115 cycles in the potential range of 2.9–0.5 V.
Highlights
Mixed-anion metal fluorides, which include metal oxyhydroxy-fluorides, metal hydroxy-fluorides, metal oxyfluorides, and so on, have become more and more attractive because of their characteristic structures and properties [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
All of the diffraction peaks are indexed by a hexagonal lattice with the lattice parameters a = 7.3636 Å, c = 7.5186 Å, and the space group P63/mmc, which are consistent with the hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB)-Ti0.75O0.25(OH)1.3F1.2 reported by Demourgues et al [2]
In summary, titanium oxyhydroxy-fluoride TiO0.9(OH) 0.9F1.2 · 0.59H2O with the HTB structure is synthesized by a facile one-step method
Summary
Mixed-anion metal fluorides, which include metal oxyhydroxy-fluorides, metal hydroxy-fluorides, metal oxyfluorides, and so on, have become more and more attractive because of their characteristic structures and properties [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Another metal oxyhydroxy-fluoride with the HTB structure, titanium oxyhydroxy-fluoride has been reported by Demourgues et al [2]. With the same onedimension channels in structure and lighter Ti atomic weight, titanium oxyhydroxy-fluoride is considered to be an attractive electrode material which supports Li/Na. Li et al Nanoscale Research Letters (2015) 10:409 intercalation/de-intercalation into the host structure. The electrochemical reaction is supposed to benefit keeping certain electrode potential and studying how the HTB structure influences the electrochemical properties
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