Abstract

Abstract Stratospheric disturbances on the 35–60 day time scale are investigated with particular emphasis on the Southern Hemisphere. The data used are stratospheric brightness temperatures from 90 to 1.5 hPa covering seven 6-month southern winter periods (from April 1980 to March 1987). Global time-lag correlation plots are constructed from which tropical/extratropical connections, three-dimensional wave structure, and propagation characteristics are studied. Horizontal correlation patterns at 90 hPa reveal a strong connection between the Indonesian tropics and the winter extratropics. Vertical correlation patterns in the southern winter extratropics reveal westward tilt with height and vertical propagation of 35–60 day zonal wavenumber 1 perturbations, from tropospheric regions up to great heights, at least as high as the stratopause region. Disturbances are found to propagate from 90 hPa to 1.5 hPa in generally 6 to 9 days. In contrast, the vertical correlation plots in the tropics indicate little or n...

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