Abstract
Globally, antimicrobial resistance has grown at an alarming rate. To combat the multidrug-resistant (MDR) superbugs, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of seasonal desert plant Sisymbrium irio obtained from the central region of Saudi Arabia by a simple one-step procedure. The physical and chemical properties of the Ag NPs were investigated through ultraviolet visisble analysis (UV-vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The UV-vis spectrum showed an absorption band at 426 nm. The XRD results showed a highly crystalline face-centered cubic structure. The surface morphology analyzed using SEM and TEM analyses showed the particle size to be in the range 24 nm to 50 nm. Various concentrations of Ag NPs were tested against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii that cause ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) Escherichia coli-25922 was used as the reference control strain. The Ag NPs effectively inhibited tested pathogens, even at the lowest concentration (6.25 µg) used. The bacterial inhibitory zone ranged from 11–21 mm. In conclusion, the newly synthesized Ag NPs could be a potential alternative candidate in biomedical applications in controlling the spread of MDR pathogens.
Highlights
For the past two decades, the interest in the synthesis of ecofriendly metal and metal oxide nanoparticles has grown dramatically in the research fields of material science and engineering and biotechnology
Keeping the above issues in mind, the present study explored Ag NPs synthesized by a green method for the effective growth inhibition of the multidrug resistant bacteria with low concentration
This study demonstrated a simple methodology for the synthesis of Ag NPs using the leaves extract of S. irio available in the central region of Saudi Arabian deserts during the winter
Summary
For the past two decades, the interest in the synthesis of ecofriendly metal and metal oxide nanoparticles has grown dramatically in the research fields of material science and engineering and biotechnology. Among the widely studied silver (Ag) [1], gold (Au) [2], platinum (Pt) [3], and palladium (Pd) [4] nanoparticles, Ag NPs have gained much attention due to their various applications in gas sensors [5], dye-sensitized solar cells [6], textiles [7], water purification systems [8], cosmetics [9], and food packaging [10] They show antimicrobial [11], larvicidal [12], anti-cancer, dye degrading [13], and antibiofilm forming [1] properties. Methods of green synthesis of nanoparticles use algae, fungi, and various lower and higher plants [12]
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