Abstract
Mosquito vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors of pathogens and parasites of public health importance, including malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis and Zika virus. Novel eco-friendly control tools against Culicidae are a priority. In this research, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were rapidly synthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of Ormocarpum cochinchinense as a cheap, non-toxic material. The bio-reduced Ag NPs were characterized by UV–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The acute toxicity of O. cochinchinense leaf extract and synthesized Ag NP was evaluated against larvae of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and the filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus. Compared to the leaf aqueous extract, synthesized Ag NPs showed high toxicity against A. stephensi, A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, with LC50 values of 10.43, 11.26 and 12.35μg/mL, respectively. Synthesized Ag NPs were found safer to non-target mosquito predators Diplonychus indicus and Gambusia affinis, with LC50 values ranging from 522.13 to 637.70μg/mL. Overall, this study firstly shed light to O. cochinchinense's potential as a bioresource for rapid, cheap and effective nanosynthesis of mosquitocides.
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