Abstract
The single breath carbon monoxide (CO) diffusing capacity test (DLCO; or transfer factor TLCO) measures the alveolar surface area available for gas exchange from the alveolar volume and the rate of alveolar CO uptake (Hughes & Bates, 2003). It is now a test that is carried out hundreds of thousands of times a year in pulmonary function laboratories across the globe, benefiting millions of respiratory patients. The principles and application of the single breath DLCO test were first described in experiments published by Marie Krogh 100 years ago in The Journal of Physiology (Krogh, 1915). To understand the clinical and research impact of these studies it is first necessary to consider the context in which they were performed.
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