One Function, Many Faces: Functional Convergence in the Gut Microbiomes of European Marine and Freshwater Fish Unveiled by Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Gilthead sea bream ( Sparus auratus) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) expressed sequence tags: Characterization, tissue-specific expression and gene markers

Virulence and Molecular Typing of Vibrio harveyi Strains Isolated from Cultured Dentex, Gilthead Sea Bream and European Sea Bass

The effect of gutting and ungutting on microbiological, chemical, and sensory properties of aqua-cultured sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) stored in ice were studied. The total viable mesophilic and psychrophilic bacterial counts increased throughout the storage period of gutted and ungutted sea bream and sea bass. The mesophilic counts reached 8.19 log cfu/g for ungutted sea bream and 7.93 log cfu/g for ungutted sea bass after 14 days of storage. The mesophilic counts reached 8.89 log cfu/g for gutted sea bream and 8.16 log cfu/g for gutted sea bass after 14 days of storage. On day 14 of storage the psychrophilic counts of ungutted sea bream and sea bass were 8.24 log cfu/g and 8.03 log cfu/g, respectively, and for gutted sea bream and sea bass were 8.93 and 8.22, respectively. At the end of the storage period of 14 days, TVB-N, TBA, and TMA-N values of ungutted sea bass were determined as 50.13 ± 0.25 mg/100 g, 2.66 ± 0.06 mg malonaldehit/kg, 9.86 ± 0.01 mg/100 g respectively. TVB-N, TBA, and TMA-N values of ungutted sea bream reached 55.90 ± 0.36 mg/100g, 2.51 ± 0.21 mg malonaldehit/kg, 9.79 ± 0.01 mg/100 g on day 14 respectively. And also at the end of the storage period of 14 days, TVB-N, TBA, and TMA-N values of gutted sea bass were determined as 48.00 ± 0.26 mg/100 g, 2.48 ± 0.03 mg malonaldehit/kg, 8.71 ± 0.06 mg/100 g respectively. TVB-N, TBA, and TMA-N values of gutted sea bream reached 49.66 ± 0.77 mg/100g, 2.64 ± 0.07 mg malonaldehit/kg, 8.97 ± 0.01 mg/100 g on day 14 respectively. The result of this study indicates that the shelf-life of whole ungutted sea bass and sea bream stored in ice as determined by the overal acceptibility sensory scores, chemical quality, and microbiological results show us that the fish were spoilt on day 14. Each chemical, sensory, and microbiological result for sea bream showed us that there was a correlation and similarity and on day 14 it was spoilt.

Background. Turkey is one of the major European seed producers of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), and gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758.  Determination of susceptibility to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS), a notifiable disease in Europe, is crucial particularly for sea bass and sea bream seed production to develop control measures and to take necessary actions in case of a VHS outbreak.  We hypothesized that VHS virus does not replicate at 16°C and above—the temperature range typical for hatcheries in the Aegean region. Materials and methods. To assess the seasonal occurrence and virulence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus genogroup Ie (VHSV-Ie), a virological survey was conducted in cultured sea bass in the Black Sea. Thirty-five sea bass were sampled monthly from a local marine farm, and examined virologically.  Triplicate groups of juvenile of sea bass (n = 30 per replicate or n = 40 per replicate) and gilthead sea bream (n = 20 per replicate) were challenged by immersion with VHSV-Ie at 12°C and 16°C to determine the occurrence of pathogen transfer and viral replication.  Results. VHSV-Ie, or any other viral pathogen able to infect BF-2 and CHSE-214 cells, did not occur in cultured sea bass of the Turkish Black Sea region. It was impossible to infect sea bass at 16°C but moderate levels of mortality occurred at 12°C. Sea bream, however, were susceptible to VHSV-Ie, presenting low levels of mortality (15%). Conclusion. VHSV-Ie poses no risk to the production of sea bass seed carried out at 16°C and above, but sea bass and sea bream should be monitored for VHSV-Ie where ambient water temperature is below 16°C since the risk of introduction is present. 

Effects of tetra (Cotinus coggygria) and common mallow (Malva sylvestris) plant extracts on growth performance and immune response in Gilthead Sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Antibacterial and anti-PAF activity of lipid extracts from sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Quality differences between heat-induced gels from farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Protein sparing effect of dietary lipids in common dentex ( Dentex dentex): A comparative study with sea bream ( Sparus aurata) and sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax)

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of soybean meal (SBM, crude protein: 48.7%) on growth performance, nutrient utilization and gut histology of gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata and European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic extruded diets (crude protein, 47%, crude fat, 20%) were formulated containing 0 (diet 1), 18 (diet 2) and 30% SBM (diet 3) and tested on both species in two separate experiments. Fish were randomly allocated into 800 L squared tanks provided with natural seawater, aeration and connected to a closed recirculating system. In the first experiment, 110 sea bream (IBW=17.9±0.2g) per tank were used, while in the second experiment 120 sea bass (IBW=18.7±0.2g). The two trials lasted 80 and 89 days, respectively. Animals were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day from Monday to Saturday and once on Sundays. Fish were weighed in bulk at the beginning of the experiments, at day 35 and the end of the trials. Diets were tested in duplicate for each species. Fish samples were taken for nutrient retention determination and gut histology examination. One-way ANOVA with Newmann - Keuls’ post test were used for statistics (P≤0.05). No differences in terms of palatability were observed. In the first experiment, at day 80, sea bream fed diet 1, 2 and 3 reached weight of 95.0±0.2g, 96.0±1.1g and 92.2±1.8g. In the second experiment, sea bass fed the same diets reached weights of 90.1±2.4g, 90.4±0.5g and 91.5±1.2g. No differences in performances (sea bream Specific Growth Rate - SGR: 0-35/36-80 days: 2.50±0.01/1.75±0.04, 2.51±0.00/1.77±0.01, 2.46±0.03/1.78±0.00, for diet 1, 2 and 3, respectively; sea bass Specific Growth Rate - SGR: 0-35/36-89 days: 2.39±0.02/1.34±0.05, 2.45±0.00/1.28±0.07, 2.43±0.06/1.32±0.01, for diet 1, 2 and 3, respectively) or nutrient retention (sea bream Protein Efficiency Ratio – PER: 1.90±0.02, 1.88±0.03, 1.88±0.04 for diet 1, 2 and 3, respec-tively; sea bass Protein Efficiency Ratio – PER: 1.93±0.10, 1.91±0.0.01, 1.85±0.06 for diet 1, 2 and 3, respectively) were found in both the trial. In sea bass, no soy specific histopathological changes were observed in the intestine. In sea bream intestine, lamina propria was moderately and diffusely expanded in some fish due to an increase of cell infiltration represented by mononuclear cells, this finding being more frequent in sea bream fed diet 3. The findings of this study indicate that SBM can be successfully incorporated up to a level of 30% without any deleterious effects on feed intake, growth and protein utilization of sea bream and sea bass juveniles. At this inclusion rate, no changes in gut histology have been observed in sea bass after 89 days of feeding. In sea bream intestine, some more minor changes were found in animals fed the diet with the highest SBM inclusion but this may need further investigations.

The effect of ungutting on microbiological, chemical and sensory properties of aquacultured sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) stored in ice were studied. The total viable mesophilic and psychrophilic bacterial counts increased throughout the storage period of ungutted sea bream and sea bass. Mesophilic counts of ungutted sea bream and sea bass reached 7.39 log cfu/g and 7.26 log cfu/g after 9 days. At the end of the storage period of 14 days; TVB-N, TBA, TMA-N values of ungutted sea bream were determined as 37.5±0.51 mg/100 g, 3.82±0.03 mg MA/kg, 7.73±0.25 mg/100 g, respectively. TVB-N, TBA, TMA-N values of ungutted sea bass were reached 35.4±0.9 mg/100 g, 3.75±0.81 mg MA/kg, 6.94±0.08 mg/100 g on day 14th, respectively. Result of this study indicates that the shelf life of whole ungutted sea bream stored in ice as determined by the overall acceptability sensory scores, chemical quality and microbiological data is 12, 9 and 9 days, respectively. Each chemical, sensory and microbiological results for sea bream showed us that there was a correlation and similarity, and day 9 was the beginning of spoilage. Whole ungutted sea bass stored in ice as chemical results for sea bass showed us that day 7 was the beginning of spoilage and for sea bream day 9 was the beginning of spoilage.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether gilthead sea bream and sea bass treated with combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) differed in terms of physiological and innate immune biomarkers. Fish were exposed to TMP-SMX at 40 ppm concentration for 1 h as a prophylactic usage. Plasma cortisol, glucose, electrolytes (Ca, P, Na, K, Cl, and Mg) as well as plasma lysozyme activity, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were measured soon after treatment and following 24 and 48 h in normal sea water for recovery. Treatment with TMP-SMX in both gilthead sea bream and sea bass led to an increase in plasma cortisol and glucose. Fluctuations in some electrolytes were found after treatment and during recovery period, however, the ratios of monovalent ions in treated sea bream were similar to control. Hematocrit values as well as plasma lysozyme activity in gilthead sea bream and sea bass were not affected by the treatment. CRP in gilthead sea bream and Cp in sea bass responded to the treatment with decreased levels. Both gilthead sea bream and sea bass displayed a rapid physiological stress response and sensitivity to TMP-SMX exposure, which requires more than 48-h period for regaining homeostasis.

Nutrient digestibility of diets containing five different insect meals in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

The aim of the present study was the investigation of the biological cycle of the isopod parasite Ceratothoa oestroides (Risso, 1836), the way of installation in the host and the study of its pathology in young individuals of gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax) raised in experimental aquariums. During the experiment, initially, 10 sea bass of marketable size (300-400gr) were collected infected with lice from the region of Chios and Epidavros. The lice were mature and gravid. The adults and their hosts were kept in 151t aquariums, with constant water of 32-33%c salinity at temperature of 21-22° C, until they would give both to young parasites. The time that parasites stayed in aquarium was three months. After three months, new hatched larvae appeared. The pulii II stage, which was responsible for the most alterations that were observed in the fish and particular in sea bass, were observed in the first week, after the hatching. In this stage, parasites swam freely in the surface of water column. At this phase, 100 parasites were transported in 2 different aquariums with the same conditions of salinity and temperature as in the first aquarium, where young uninfected individuals (3-5 gr) of gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax) were placed. The number of the uninfected, healthy fish was 40 individuals per aquarium. During the duration of experiment four weekly samplings of five individuals per sample were performed and these underwent a macroscopical, parasitological and histopathological examination. In addition, the mortalities that existed and the final luck of parasites afterwards the death of their hosts were recorded. From the results, we concluded that pulii II stage caused serious lesions and eventually the death of mainly young fish, gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax). The process from the moment of "invasion" of young parasites until their final installation in the buccal cavity lasted around 2 hours. In one week, all the isopods were installed in the buccal cavity of young gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax). During the second week, the first symptoms of fish appeared. The infected fish swam fast and rubbed their body against the aquarium surface in order to remove the parasites. In the sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax), with the appearance of first symptoms, the biggest rate of mortality (56,25%) followed, while in the gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata), the biggest rate of mortality (52%) was observed in the third week. With regard to the luck of the young parasites that remained without host it was observed that they swam for 48 hours, then fell in the bottom of aquarium and after 24 hours the first mortalities started. The adult parasites, that gave the young pulii II after 24 hours, were dead in the bottom of aquarium.

Comparison of effects of slurry ice and flake ice pretreatments on the quality of aquacultured sea bream ( Sparus aurata) and sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) stored at 4 °C

Occurrence and virulence of Pseudoalteromonas spp. in cultured gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Molecular and phenotypic characterisation of P. undina strain U58