Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts) that can be precursors of B or T cells. The most frequent age of onset is 1-4 years and in adolescents and young adults of 15-39 years old. The disease response is regulated by heterogeneity, disease biology, risk factors, chromosomal rearrangements, structural variations, and contact sequences that alter the lymphoid lineage's maturation; that causes cell activation and alterations in its regulation. The introduction of schemes based on L-asparaginase, the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as immunotherapy with blinatumomab have significantly improved the response and survival of patients between 60 % and 70 %. The objective of these guidelines of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is to show the current panorama of this pathology, guide the use of diagnostic tools, risk staging and, finally, offer the best available treatment options.
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