Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) can be moved by means of transposition or reverse transposition in the genome of an organism, whose copy number in large numbers is an important factor for genome instability. Therefore, it is the direction of host evolution to maintain TEs silence. DNA methylation, generally considered to be a heritable epigenetic modification method for silencing TEs, plays a role in the maintainance of genome stability, genetic imprinting and the regulation of gene expression. This study is aimed at an overview of the impact of TEs on the evolution of biological genome and gene expression, a summary of the latest research progress of transposon silencing mechanism dominated by DNA methylation, and an investigation of the mechanism of environmental factors that regulate transposon jumping via DNA demethylation. [Ch, 4 fig. 82 ref.]
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