Abstract
The article discusses the problem of metaphor from the semantical point of view, at the lexical level. Alter havins explained why do metaphors represent a touch stone of any semantical theory, and after having given a brief survey of possible theoretical solutions of the problem, the author exposes her own view of metaphor based on late Wittgenstein's theory of meaning. On the assumption that there should be no artificial break between semantics and pragmatics the author argues that the same semantical, pragmatical an epistemological principles govern the production and interpretation of literal and metaphorical language. The difference between literal and metaphorical is understood as a token, and not a type difference, depending on what is considered to be the common meaning of a word. Metaphor Is defined as a semantic innovation, nomination, realized by the extension of literal meaning. Arguments for her thesis the author finds in the analysis of the processes of language acquistion.
Highlights
The article discusses th e problem of m etaphor from the sem anti cal point of view, a t the lexical level
As a theoretical topic m etaphor is derived from rhetoric, where it was definer as one of the tropes, a figure of speach the function of which was adornment, decoration of dicourse
As one of the main characteristics of Poetic language, metaphor was introduced into more general aesthetic debates about the tru th claim of poetic language, as well as into the debates concerning the productive function of fiction
Summary
Those philosophers and linguists who claim the primacy of language, treat metaphor as a m atter of »mere language«, namely as a semantical problem. From this point of view metaphor is recognized as a »semantic twist at the level of sense«,0 a clash produced by the deviation from the literal code. The most im portant problem in this domain is the relation between literal and metaphorical meaning and it is this very question that we intend to discuss here This restriction to the domain of semantics in our case does not imply any final decision about the supposed primacy of language. We hope th at the proposed solution of the semantical problem will have some impli cations in other domains and give a clue to a holistic account
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