Abstract
We present a way to reliably determine the field for first penetrationHP in various kinds of bulk samples of niobium material used in technicalapplications like the fabrication of superconducting RF cavities. Specialattention is given to the role of flux-line pinning in the determination ofHP. It is observed that the pinning properties andHP canbe altered significantly with the chemical treatment of bulk niobium. A correlation is proposed betweenHP of the niobium materials and the anomalous high-fieldQ drop observed in the superconducting RF cavities fabricated using such niobiummaterial.
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