Abstract

The overlap-correlator technique of passive synthetic-aperture array processing [S. Stergiopoulos and E. J. Sullivan, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 86, 158–171 (1989)] is investigated. This method of providing an effective aperture greater than that of the physical array utilizes phase correction factors that are calculated by correlating overlapping space samples of the acoustic signal from successive measurements of the moving towed array. Given the criterion of minimizing the effect of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the phase correction factor error while achieving a fixed effective aperture length, the optimal overlap in number of hydrophones between these two successive measurements is derived. The conditions under which the calculated phase correction factor is equivalent to that of the desired phase correction factor are also studied.

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