Abstract
The number of galaxies at a given flux as a function of the redshift, z, is derived when the z-distance relation is non-standard. In order to compare different models, the same formalism is also applied to the standard cosmology. The observed luminosity function for galaxies of the zCOSMOS catalog at different redshifts is modeled by a new luminosity function for galaxies, which is derived by the truncated beta probability density function. Three astronomical tests, which are the photometric maximum as a function of the redshift for a fixed flux, the mean value of the redshift for a fixed flux, and the luminosity function for galaxies as a function of the redshift, compare the theoretical values of the standard and non-standard model with the observed value. The tests are performed on the FORS Deep Field (FDF) catalog up to redshift z = 1.5 and on the zCOSMOS catalog extending beyond z = 4. These three tests show minimal differences between the standard and the non-standard models.
Highlights
The linear correlation between the expansion velocity, v, and dl, the distance in Mpc, is v = H0 dl = c z (1)Galaxies 2015, 3 where H0 is the Hubble constant H0 = 100h km s−1 Mpc−1, with h = 1 when h is not specified, c is the see Mohr et al [1], and z is the redshift defined as velocity of light, c = 299792.458 km s λobs − λem (2)λem with λobs and λem denoting respectively the wavelengths of the observed and emitted lines as determined from the lab source, the so called Doppler effect
The previous equation contains a linear relation between distance and redshift, and this has pointed the experts in plasma physics towards an explanation of the redshift in terms of the interaction of light with the electrons of the intergalactic medium (IGM)
An example of this conjecture can be found at the home page of the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) “All the analyses were developed with cosmology hidden.”
Summary
Λem with λobs and λem denoting respectively the wavelengths of the observed and emitted lines as determined from the lab source, the so called Doppler effect This linear relation can be derived from first principles, namely general relativity (GR), and is only a low-z limit of a more general relation in standard cosmology. The enormous progress in astronomical observations has increased the available data for galaxies up to z = 3.36, see the FORS Deep Field (FDF) catalog, which is made up of 300 galaxies with known spectroscopic redshift, see [12,13] Another high redshift catalog is zCOSMOS, which is made up of 9697 galaxies up to z = 4, see [14].
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