On the History of the Cooperative Movement in POW Camp Wetzlar, Germany: The establishment and activity of the union «Chainia» (December 1915–1916)

Abstract

The article highlights the specifics of the creation and activities in the camp of Ukrainian prisoners of war Wetzlar (Germany) of the «Chainia» Cooperative Society (December 1915–1916). From the very beginning of its work, «Chainia» offered its visitors low prices for food and provided a convenient opportunity to drink tea, which attracted a large number of campers. This in turn made «Chainia» a highly profitable enterprise (commercially), allowing it to make a significant profit. The income was distributed by the decision of the general meeting both on the payment of dividends on paid shares, and on the needs of various camp organizations and charitable support to the needy (including outside the camp). At the same time, the excessive influx of campers to «Chainia», the fierce debate on political issues and created some inconvenience for members of the cooperative. Some of the shareholders did not understand why campers with hostile or indifferent views to Ukrainians had the opportunity to use “all the amenities” and buy low-priced products in «Chainia». Therefore, from May 1916, the Tea House worked only for members of the cooperative, thus encouraging campers to join their ranks. Throughout its existence, «Chainia» remained an effective commercial enterprise, uniting prisoners of different political views and preferences. It made a significant contribution to the development of national life in the camp, effectively supporting the activities of educational courses and camp literacy schools and sponsoring funds for all-Ukrainian needs.