Abstract
Packet-pair sampling, also called probe gap model (PGM) is proposed as a lightweight and fast available bandwidth measurement method. But measurement tools based on PGM gives results with great uncertainty in some cases. PGM’s statistical robustness has not been proved. In this paper we propose a more precise statistical model based on PGM. We present the new approach by using probability distribution and statistical parameters. We also investigate the use of a PGM bandwidth evaluation method considering a non-fluid cross traffic and present the alternative approach where the bursty nature of the probed traffic could be taken into account. Based on the model, measurement variance and sample size can be calculated to improve the measurement accuracy. We evaluated the model in a controlled and reproducible environment using NS simulations.
Highlights
For many applications, such as congestion control [1], service level agreement verification [2], rate-based streaming applications [3], Grid applications [4,5], efficient and reliable available bandwidth measurement remains a very important goal
Existing measurement techniques fall into two broad categories [11]: The first class of schemes is based on statistical cross-traffic model, known as the probe gap model (PGM), called direct probing
We investigate them one by one: Scenario1. gi
Summary
For many applications, such as congestion control [1], service level agreement verification [2], rate-based streaming applications [3], Grid applications [4,5], efficient and reliable available bandwidth measurement remains a very important goal. In real tests [19], the time gap go between probing packets will grow discretely because long or short cross traffic packets are inserted between the probing packets Several works in this field have been published [13,16,20,21] and all show very similar features. To cope with the burst of cross traffic, both the PGM and PRM tools use a train of probe packets to generate a single measurement. They use statistical methods to estimate the cross traffic, computes the available bandwidth from the average of several sample measurements. Offset of first probing packet in T Time for bottleneck to process one traffic packet
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