Abstract
Tubular heat exchangers belong to heat equipment, which is frequently used in industry. During their design it is usually assumed that nearly the same velocity prevails in all pipes of a bundle. Because of the abrupt changes of cross section in the inlet chamber the fluid cannot follow the chamber contour and flow separation occurs. Vortices are formed in the inlet chamber, which lead to different flow rates into the tube bundle. A method for the hydrodynamic optimization of tubular heat exchangers is represented within the framework of this work, which consists of measurements on a real tubular heat exchanger, visualization of the flow field in a water channel and numerical calculations with CFD programs. It will be shown what velocity profile appears in a bundle of pipes, and which parameters have an influence on it. Using the results obtained on the distribution of the flow medium, it is possible to estimate the effect of the nonhomogeneity on heat transfer, dissipation and fouling.
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