Abstract

We comment on the paper of Irons et al. (2000), which evaluated the status of several marine bird taxa in Prince William Sound, Alaska, nine years after the Exxon Valdez oil spill. We discuss concerns about the effects on the study design of inherent differences between the oiled and unoiled areas; about interpretations of results that use inconsistent criteria to define the spatial scales of analysis; and about explanations of underlying causes that are not empirically founded. These comments highlight general difficulties in assessing the effects of large-scale environmental perturbations. It is important to draw conclusions about the effects of such events, but the conclusions must be founded on accuracy in reporting study results, caution in interpreting the results, and adequate consideration of alternative causal explanations for the observed results. Acerca de Inferir Conclusiones Nueve Años después del Derrame de Petróleo del Exxon Valdez Resumen. Comentamos el artículo de Irons et al. (2000), que evaluó el estado de varios taxa de aves marinas en Prince William Sound, Alaska, nueve años después del derrame de petróleo del Exxon Valdez. Discutimos inquietudes acerca de los efectos del diseño del estudio en relación a diferencias inherentes entre las áreas afectadas y no afectadas por el petróleo; sobre las interpretaciones de los resultados que usan criterios incosistentes para definir las escalas espaciales del análisis; y sobre explicaciones de causas subyacentes que no están empíricamente fundamentadas. Estos comentarios resaltan las dificultades generales en establecer los efectos de grandes perturbaciones ambientales. Es importante inferir conclusiones sobre los efectos de dichos eventos, pero estas conclusiones deben considerar la presición de los resultados presentados, ser precavidas al interpretar los resultados, y considerar adecuadamente explicaciones causales alternativas para los resultados observados.

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