On “Distorting history”: a reply to Staffan Lundén

Physiology of cardiovascular aging

PapersStudies of Caries Prevalence in a Medieval PopulationGulli Olsson and Sören SagneGulli OlssonDepartments of Oral Radiology and Oral Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author and Sören SagneDepartments of Oral Radiology and Oral Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:23 Jan 2015https://doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.1976.0002SectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byPrevalence of Dental Caries in Past European Populations: A Systematic Review31 January 2022 | Caries Research, Vol. 56, No. 1Dental markers of biocultural sex differences in an early modern population from Gothenburg, Sweden: caries and other oral pathologies14 June 2021 | BMC Oral Health, Vol. 21, No. 1Dental health of Vikings from Kopparsvik on Gotland10 March 2020 | International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 30, No. 4Dental Caries and Tooth Wear in a Byzantine Paediatric Population (7th to 10th Centuries AD) from Yenikapı-Constantinople, Istanbul20 July 2016 | Caries Research, Vol. 50, No. 4Diet and Dental Caries in Post-Medieval London25 December 2014 | International Journal of Historical Archaeology, Vol. 19, No. 1Dental caries prevalence by sex in prehistory: magnitude and meaningÉtude de la prévalence et de la distribution carieuse dans une population médiévale du Sud-Ouest de la FranceRevue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Vol. 109, No. 1Prevalence of dental caries and tooth wear in a Byzantine population (13th c. a.d.) from northwest TurkeyArchives of Oral Biology, Vol. 52, No. 12The frequency and distribution of caries in the mediaeval population of Bijelo Brdo in Croatia (10th–11th century)Archives of Oral Biology, Vol. 50, No. 7Dental pathology in the samurai and commoners of early modern JapanAnthropological Science, Vol. 112, No. 3Distribution of dental caries in an early 17th century swedish population with special reference to dietInternational Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 9, No. 6Caries prevalence in the dentition of a late eighteenth century populationArchives of Oral Biology, Vol. 41, No. 1Prevalence and distribution of dental caries in a late medieval population in FinlandArchives of Oral Biology, Vol. 36, No. 8Caries experience in Mediaeval ScotsAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 83, No. 1Caries experience in the permanent dentition of late Mediaeval Scots (1300–1600 A.D.)Archives of Oral Biology, Vol. 33, No. 3Interobserver reliability of methods for paleopathological diagnosis of dental cariesAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 62, No. 3Retromolar Foramina and Canals in the Human MandibleS. Sagne, G. Olsson and L. Hollender23 January 2015 | Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Vol. 6, No. 1Studies of the Periodontal Status of a Medieval PopulationS. Sagne and G. Olsson23 January 2015 | Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Vol. 6, No. 1 Volume 5, Issue 1-2January 1976Pages: 5-64 © 1976 The Authors. Published by the British Institute of Radiology History Published onlineJanuary 23,2015 Metrics Download PDF

This Special Issue presents a selection of contributions that seek to extend the idea of what craft practice and research can be. They stem from the conference presentations in the 1st Biennial International Conference for the Craft Sciences (BICCS), held online during 4–6 May 2021. This conference was initiated by the Craft Laboratory in Mariestad city, which is affiliated with the Department of Conservation, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. What counts as craft, and what does not, has been discussed with the general consensus that craft often evades definitions and instead thrives as an adhesive between other domains. In this editorial we claim that craft practice is ubiquitous, since acts of ‘crafting’ are infiltrated in most aspects of society, from the industrial workplace to the home. In addition to being a professional domain, craftmanship is also an attitude and a way of life. Craft making further facilitates shared reflective platforms which can carry and sustain cultural associations, or even social resistance, over time. We hope to invite readers to extend the notions of what crafts can be, by discussing issues related to such various topics as plant propagation, crystal growing, neuroscientific activity tracking, multimodal presentations of craft research and hybrid forms of digital and handmade craft processes. We also present an overview of educational contexts of crafts and discuss the role of the craft practitioner in heritage studies such as traditional boat building or industrial lace making.

Notes on Contributors

Co-curating the City explores the role of universities in the construction and mobilisation of heritage discourses in urban development and regeneration processes, with a focus on six case study sites: University of Gothenburg (Sweden), UCL East (London), University of Lund (Sweden). Roma Tre university (Rome), American University of Beirut, and Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. The aim of the book is to expand the field of critical heritage studies in the urban domain, by examining the role of institutional actors both in the construction of urban heritage discourses and in how those discourses influence urban planning decisions or become instrumentalised as mechanisms for urban regeneration. It proposes that universities engage in these processes in a number of ways: as producers of urban knowledge that is mobilised to intervene in planning processes; as producers of heritage practices that are implemented in development contexts in the urban realm; and as developers engaged in campus construction projects that both reference heritage discourses as a mechanism for promoting support and approval by planners and the public, and capitalise on heritage assets as a resource. The book highlights the participatory processes through which universities are positioning themselves as significant institutions in the development of urban heritage narratives. The case studies investigate how universities, as mixed communities of interest dispersed across buildings and urban sites, engage in strategies of engagement with local people and neighbourhoods, and ask how this may be contributing to a re-shaping of ideas, narratives, and lived experience of urban heritage in which universities have a distinctive agency. The authors cross disciplinary and cultural boundaries, and bridge academia and practice.

The twentieth century has been described as the ‘age of extremes’ (The age of extremes: The short 20th century, 1914–1991, Abacus, London, 1994) due to the large number of cases of genocide and human rights abuses during ‘conflict time’ (Memorials and ‘conflict-time’ in the contested city of Vukovar, Association of Critical Heritage Studies Inaugural Conference, University of Gothenburg, 2012). In some countries, systematic methodologies have been developed in order to locate the bodies of missing persons, resulting in the successful identification and reinternment of these remains. However, there are many cases in which the victims of genocide and human rights abuses are still missing decades and even centuries after the crimes were perpetrated. This chapter will consider: the various reasons why search and recovery programmes might not be undertaken in relation to historic genocide and human rights abuses; some of the political, social, ethical, cultural and religious issues that practitioners attempting to engage in such investigations should consider prior to formal initiation of an enquiry; and the range of interdisciplinary techniques that can now be drawn upon to locate body deposition sites.

As the practice and business of personal DNA ancestry testing continue to expand globally, understanding people’s interest in their genetic history, and how the results influence attitudes about the past, is being called for. Such insight is especially relevant to archaeologists and heritage researchers. Yet the motivations for taking direct-to-consumer DNA tests and their effects remain poorly understood in a European context. This paper presents the results of a nationwide survey carried out by The Centre for Critical Heritage Studies, University of Gothenburg, in collaboration with the Swedish Society for Genetic Genealogy. The aim was to identify social and cultural attitudes among people who decided to take a personal DNA test in Sweden. Nearly 900 individuals answered the survey. Based on the results, we identify a distinction between family genealogies and personal genetic history versus national history and collective identity. While the majority of respondents are interested in history and archaeology, their interest in family genealogies is specifically linked to individual stories and possible links to existing/unknown family members. This suggests that DNA-testing provides a new and different take on family histories compared to historically-documented genealogies. It also suggests that the link to polarizing debates on ethnonational belonging, highlighted in relation to public responses to ancient DNA studies in archaeology, remains muted as regards personal DNA tests.

Due to the large and accumulative number of emigrants and the subsequent emergent fiction, where roughly a hundred British novels are released weekly and with more than three quarters of the people living in the world today having had their lives shaped by the experience of colonialism, neither of the following chapters are or can be entirely representative. The chapters are divided, however, according to subject matter across a chronological sequence. The division and structure of generational division should trace therefore different shifts in identity politics and their relational conceptions of home. This discourse of displacement and migration through literary and cultural interlocution should demonstrate how variable and shifting pre-given, pre-assumed, and fixed ideas can be, and how they are altered, or restaged, once taken out of their originary places, out of their Oedipalized territories, that is, once they are displaced. In this context, then, England can be considered a fertile soil and an open site upon which postcolonial black and Asian cultures developed creatively in relation to their colonial history. The empire, Rushdie tells us, writes back to the center. The very historically and colonially scarred relationship between the migrants' colonial past and the current postcolonial present brings a rather interesting cultural dimension and challenge to the displaced intellectual's writing. Writing back to the center also connotes not only being part of the center marching from the margins; it is also a turning look forward, a look that is not restricted by a colonial past but a rather optimistic look toward an open future.

The study and use of biomaterials dates back to very ancient cultures such as that of the Mayas, the Egyptians and the Phoenicians; however the study on biomaterials as a science is to be considered recently developed, indeed dating back only to half of the nineteenth century. Archeological finds showed that Phoenicians used to tie artificial teeth to the natural ones with golden wires and that the Egyptians used different materials to build prosthesis. The first find that reached us, dates back to the Egyptian era (1000 600 b.C.) and is a woman’s toe. The device named “Cairo Toe” is made of wood and skin, and is assembled in order to be flexible and both the shape and the wearing effect of time suggest that it helped its owner to walk; then it is considered the first functional prosthesis (Huebsch & Mooney, 2009). More finds instead, such as for hands and feet or a finger of parchment and chalk kept at the British Museum in London, are only aesthetic substitutes, since this culture used to carefully get ready for the afterlife. As far as regards oral implantology, the first find reached to us is a Maya’s era mandible’s splinter with three implants made of half shell which were the substitute of three missing foreteeth, datable approximately to VIII Century a.C., discovered by the archeologist Wilson Popenoe, in 1931, during some diggings in Playa de los Muertos, in Honduras. According to some studies made by the Brasilian, but native of Italy, dentistry Amedeo Bobbio during 1970, the three shells were not implanted in the relative alveolus after death, but during the life. Indeed, by the find’s X-Ray, he noticed a real, “osteointegration”, as we woluld say today all around the shells, certainly due to their largecontent of calcium phosphate (Bucci Sabattini, 2007). This find represents a fundamental stage in biomaterials’ history being the first osteointegrated implant which came to us. Considering the recent history, since ‘800, there are several documentations of efforts and experiments for orthodontic implants. The greatest development of endosseous implantology has been in the ‘70s with Stefano Tramonte’s suggestion to use titanium to replace surgical steel as an implant’s material. The Dutch School, also around the half of ‘70s, introduced the use of calcium hydroxyapatite inspired by previous studies on tricalcium phosphate. The osteointegrated implant methodology was initaited in the ‘80s by doctor Per-Ingvar Branemark, professor in applied biotechnologies at University of Gothenburg, who developed the osteointegrated implants in the oral surgery, providing inspiration for other applications. Branemark defined osteointegration as the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load bearing artificial implant (Branemark et al., 1977). The basic

Contributors

The journal of the Econometric Society, Econometrica, was established in 1933 and edited by Ragnar Frisch for the first 22 years. As a new journal Econometrica had three key characteristics. First, it was devoted to a research program stated in few but significant words in the constitution of the Econometric Society and for many years printed in every issue of the journal. Second, it was the first international journal in economics. Third, it was the journal of association (Econometric Society) with members committed to a serious interest in econometrics. The paper gives a brief account of the circumstances around the establishment of the journal and of the relationship between Frisch and Alfred Cowles 3rd who in various capacities played a major role in launching the journal and keeping it going. It furthermore conveys observations and comments related to the editing of the first seven volumes of Econometrica, i.e. 1933-39. The main aim of the paper is to shed light on how the editor and a small core group of econometrician attempted to promote econometrics via Econometrica. The paper is overwhelmingly based on unpublished material from Frisch’s editorial files. Editorial principles, controversies, and style are illuminated through excerpts from the editorial correspondence. The paper was presented at ESEM-67, University of Gothenburg, 26-30 August, 2013.

James R. Lewis

P47 FEATURES OF INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS CAUSED BY AEROCOCCI

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Clinical & Research NewsFull AccessBabies of Recovered Anorexics Show Few Negative OutcomesJoan Arehart-TreichelJoan Arehart-TreichelSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:20 Nov 2009https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.44.22.psychnews_44_22_024AbstractAlthough anorexia nervosa is a serious mental disorder for many, a study out of Sweden offers hope to female teens who have it—recovery is possible.The study was headed by Elisabet Wentz, M.D., Ph.D., an associate professor of child and adolescent psychiatry at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. It included 48 women, average age 32, whom the researchers had diagnosed with anorexia as teens. It also included 48 women matched on age and school attended, but whom the researchers had not diagnosed with anorexia as teens. The latter served as a control group. The researchers had been following the outcomes of both groups since the subjects were teens.Of the 48 subjects with a history of anorexia, only six still had an eating disorder by the time of the study—three with anorexia and three with another type. In their paper, published in the September International Journal of Eating Disorders, the researchers referred to this finding as “encouraging” and pointed out that it was comparable to what some other studies on the subject have found in recent years.Other results from this new study should offer encouragement to teens with anorexia regarding later reproduction. Over half the women with an anorexia history had given birth to at least one child.Moreover, as far as weight gain during pregnancy, delivery complications, or severe infant-feeding problems were concerned, there were no statistically significant differences between subjects who had been diagnosed with anorexia and the control subjects. And complications during the neonatal period were rare among children in both the anorexia and control groups.Still, the study did find that anorexia subjects bore babies who, on average, were of lower weight than were the babies born to control mothers. The difference was statistically significant. Women who had experienced anorexia were also significantly more likely to have infants with sleeping problems than control subjects.Perhaps most notably, none of the six subjects who still had an eating disorder at the time of the study had become a mother.On the whole, though, “The outcome regarding fertility, pregnancy, and delivery was better than expected in women with a history of teenage-onset anorexia nervosa,” Wentz told Psychiatric News. “Previous studies have reported many serious complications.”One reason why she and her colleagues obtained more positive results than previous researchers have, she conjectured, may have been because “clinical studies often include severe cases with several inpatient episodes, whereas in our group, where all the participants had met DSM-III-R and DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa, only 1 in 4 had ever received inpatient treatment.”The study was funded by the Swedish Council, Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, and Soderstrom-Konigska Nursing Home Foundation.An abstract of “Reproduction and Offspring Status 18 Years After Teenage-Onset Anorexia Nervosa—A Controlled Community-Based Study” is posted at <www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121683460/abstract>. ISSUES NewArchived

The study of classic papers permits analysis of the past, present, and future of a specific area of knowledge. This type of analysis is becoming more frequent and more sophisticated. Our objective was to use the H-classics method, based on the h-index, to analyze classic papers in Implant Dentistry, Periodontics, and Oral Surgery (ID, P, and OS). First, an electronic search of documents related to ID, P, and OS was conducted in journals indexed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2014 within the category 'Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine'. Second, Web of Knowledge databases were searched using Mesh terms related to ID, P, and OS. Finally, the H-classics method was applied to select the classic articles in these disciplines, collecting data on associated research areas, document type, country, institutions, and authors. Of 267,611 documents related to ID, P, and OS retrieved from JCR journals (2014), 248 were selected as H-classics. They were published in 35 journals between 1953 and 2009, most frequently in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology (18.95%), the Journal of Periodontology (18.54%), International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants (9.27%), and Clinical Oral Implant Research (6.04%). These classic articles derived from the USA in 49.59% of cases and from Europe in 47.58%, while the most frequent host institution was the University of Gothenburg (17.74%) and the most frequent authors were J. Lindhe (10.48%) and S. Socransky (8.06%). The H-classics approach offers an objective method to identify core knowledge in clinical disciplines such as ID, P, and OS.