Abstract
Energy efficiency is crucial in the design of battery-powered end devices, such as smart sensors for the Internet of Things applications. Wireless communication between these distributed smart devices consumes significant energy, and even more when data need to reach several kilometers in distance. Low-power and long-range communication technologies such as LoRaWAN are becoming popular in IoT applications. However, LoRaWAN has drawbacks in terms of (i) data latency; (ii) limited control over the end devices by the gateway; and (iii) high rate of packet collisions in a dense network. To overcome these drawbacks, we present an energy-efficient network architecture and a high-efficiency on-demand time-division multiple access (TDMA) communication protocol for IoT improving both the energy efficiency and the latency of standard LoRa networks. We combine the capabilities of short-range wake-up radios to achieve ultra-low power states and asynchronous communication together with the long-range connectivity of LoRa. The proposed approach still works with the standard LoRa protocol, but improves performance with an on-demand TDMA. Thanks to the proposed network and protocol, we achieve a packet delivery ratio of 100% by eliminating the possibility of packet collisions. The network also achieves a round-trip latency on the order of milliseconds with sensing devices dissipating less than 46 mJ when active and 1.83 W during periods of inactivity and can last up to three years on a 1200-mAh lithium polymer battery.
Highlights
The recent Internet of Things (IoT) wave is boosting the development of connected smart low-power devices embedded with various sensors and wireless technologies
Motivated by the above state-of-the-art, we propose an on-demand time-division multiple access (TDMA) that provides a deterministic performance in terms of network latency w.r.t. to the network size, which is highly desirable for low-power low-latency applications
If the sequence number is seen at the sink, the data packet is counted as received. (ii) Round-trip time latency (RTT) is measured as the time difference from the initial trigger by the sink and the time to receive the data from all the sensing nodes
Summary
The recent Internet of Things (IoT) wave is boosting the development of connected smart low-power devices embedded with various sensors and wireless technologies. The most common IoT devices are sensor nodes that measure physical properties such as vibration, pressure and temperature For these devices to be “smart”, they are equipped with the on-board processing capabilities to extract useful information from the data before they are sent out to the remote host. Low-Power Long-Range Communication LoRa. To extend the IoT device connectivity, recently, a new set of wireless technologies appeared that can attain long-range communication, up to several kilometers, with power demands similar to those of ZigBee devices [12]. To extend the IoT device connectivity, recently, a new set of wireless technologies appeared that can attain long-range communication, up to several kilometers, with power demands similar to those of ZigBee devices [12] These technologies are grouped under the label of low-power wide area networks (LPWANs) and operate at sub-GHz frequencies. To achieve a long range, three main modulation techniques can be used: ultra-narrow band, spread spectrum or narrow band.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
