Omówienie wybranych metod współczesnej terapii schizofrenii

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with a complex etiopathogenesis explained by several still developing theories. Knowledge of these theories can matter when choosing the right treatment, because it increases the chance of therapeutic success. Various strategies are currently being developed so that we can, to some extent, adapt therapy to the individual needs of patients and, thus, optimize the therapeutic effect and minimize side effects. The issue of personalization of therapy translates into better cooperation between the doctor and the patient. The involvement of both parts in the treatment process, as in the treatment of other mental disorders, is crucial for its effectiveness. The therapeutic methods that we have at our disposal are still not producing satisfactory results in reducing the negative symptoms or cognitive disorders that occur in schizophrenia. Currently, not only the development of psychiatry but also development of certain branches of science related to medicine, such as pharmacogenetics and molecular biology, can contribute to achieving satisfactory research results. It therefore seems reasonable to seek new treatment strategies. A brief presentation of the most promising therapeutic methods is the aim of this literature review. It covers pharmacological treatment (cariprazine, lurasidone, lumateperone, paliperidone), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), psychotherapy and cognitive enhancement therapy (CET). The issue of pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia was also raised.