Abstract
Polyphenols exert a large range of beneficial effects in the prevention of age-related diseases. We sought to determine whether an extract of olive and grape seed standardized according to hydroxytyrosol (HT) and procyanidins (PCy) content, exerts preventive anti-osteoathritic effects. To this aim, we evaluated whether the HT/PCy mix could (i) have in vitro anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective actions, (ii) exert anti-osteoarthritis effects in two post-traumatic animal models and (iii) retain its bioactivity after oral administration. Anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective actions of HT/PCy were tested on primary cultured rabbit chondrocytes stimulated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). The results showed that HT/PCy exerts anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective actions in vitro. The preventive effect of HT/PCy association was assessed in two animal models of post-traumatic OA in mice and rabbits. Diet supplementation with HT/PCy significantly decreased the severity of post-traumatic osteoarthritis in two complementary mice and rabbit models. The bioavailability and bioactivity was evaluated following gavage with HT/PCy in rabbits. Regular metabolites from HT/PCy extract were found in sera from rabbits following oral intake. Finally, sera from rabbits force-fed with HT/PCy conserved anti-IL-1β effect, suggesting the bioactivity of this extract. To conclude, HT/PCy extract may be of clinical significance for the preventive treatment of osteoarthritis.
Highlights
Stimulates the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)[7,8]
Consistent with gene expression levels, the IL-1β-dependent NO, PGE2 and MMP-13 productions were significantly decreased by the extracts in Rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC) (Fig. 2D–F)
We demonstrated that olive and grape extracts containing HT/PCy exhibit preventive anti-IL-1βeffects in vitro on isolated rabbit chondrocytes, and provided in vivo evidence in two animal models of post-traumatic OA that the combination of HT and PCy exerts preventive effects on the onset of OA
Summary
Stimulates the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)[7,8]. Consistent with results obtained in mice, HT/PCy intake significantly decreased OARSI score severity in post-traumatic OA rabbit model (Fig. 5B). Since in vivo preventive effects of HT/PCy were observed following oral administration, we questioned whether the sera of rabbits fed with HT/PCy may contain the regular metabolites of phenolic compounds.
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