Abstract
In this study, the immunomodulatory activity of oligopeptide (CP) derived from solid-state fermented cottonseed meal were investigated in immunosuppressed BALB/c mice models by treatment with cyclophosphamide (CY). Results indicated that oligopeptide increased the thymus and spleen indices of CY-treated mice. The count of plague forming cells (PFC) and the content of half serum hemolysis (HC50) in immunosuppressive mice were restored to the normal level in CP-10 and CP-20 groups while the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were increased significantly in CP-20 group. Similar increasing the immunoglobulin of IgG and IgM content in the serum of CP-10 group were also observed. These findings indicated that oligopeptide derived from solid-state fermented cottonseed meal had a strong immune-enhancing activity as well as a protective effect against immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide in mice.
Highlights
According to the modern protein nutrition theory, protein is absorbed in animal digestive tract and could be divided into two forms, free amino acids and oligopeptide
Defatted cottonseed meal was purchased from Tiankang Oilseed Processing Co., Ltd. (Xinjiang, China); Bacillus subtilis (CICC1201) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CICC 1001) were purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection (Beijing, China); Cyclophosphamide was purchased from Heng rui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Jiangsu, China); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a), and IgG and IgM were purchased from Cheng Lin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China); Roswell park memorial institute medium (RPMI 1640) and sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) were purchased from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); Guinea pig serum were made in our laboratory according to the instruction (Li et al, 2011)
The content of ash was decreased by 80.72%, while crude fiber, fat, and free gossypol were not detected in cottonseed meal oligopeptide samples
Summary
According to the modern protein nutrition theory, protein is absorbed in animal digestive tract and could be divided into two forms, free amino acids and oligopeptide. The bioactive peptides derived from natural food proteins have attracted much attention in recently years and are considered to perform physiological activities in the major body systems (Maestri et al, 2016). Studies have shown that peptides derived from food protein hydrolysates in the body can improve animal productivity, and promote animal immunity. Immunomodulatory peptides have attracted much attention because they can enhance the immunity of organisms, stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes, increase the phagocytic activity of macrophages as well as defense against pathogens in organisms, promote the antibody production and regulate the transformation of T and B cells, and stimulate the secret of cytokine and immunoglobulin (Mallet et al, 2017). The immunomodulatory effect of oligopeptide was evaluated in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide
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