Oligochaeta of Lake Taimyr: a preliminary survey

Abstract

Lake Taimyr in Siberia is northernmost among the world's large lakes: 73°40′–75°20′N, 99–106°E. The lake area is up to 4650 km2 in summer, with a maximum depth of 26 m and a mean depth of only 2.8 m. The ice-free period lasts about three months. The water level sinks 5.5–6 m during winter, so that 85% of the bottom surface is frozen into ice for some time and subjected to negative temperatures, probably down to −20 °C. In artificially melted sediment samples, 75–92% of animals survived. The average summer biomass of zoobenthos is about 1 g m−2 wet weight, a half of this being formed by Oligochaeta. Altogether 76 samples with 3742 oligochaete specimens collected by V. N. Greze in 1943–1944 were studied. At least 14 taxa of Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae, and Enchytraeidae were found in the lake, and some more enchytraeids in an adjacent river. Many immature animals could not be identified to species. Naididae were completely lacking probably due to the absence of macrovegetation. The shallow freezing zone is inhabited mostly by Alexandrovia ringulata. The profundal fauna is dominated by Lamprodrilus isoporus, Stylodrilus sp., and Isochaetides sp.