Abstract

Abstract Decisions about using dispersants are made in the context of reasons for treating spilled oil which threats to valuable habitat and nursery areas or to vulnerable early stages of marine life. The potential use of chemical dispersants raises some primary questions, principally: Are they effective? Do they reduce the potential damaged caused by spilled oil. What factors affecting toxicity of Chemical Dispersants and Dispersed Oil? The present paper explains factors affecting the effectiveness and toxicity of oil spill dispersants using a case study of four different chemical dispersants recently used in Indonesia. Chemistry and physics of the dispersants are also presented in order to support evaluation of their effectiveness and toxicity properties.

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