Abstract
BackgroundPrevious study indicated a high prevalence of ocular fundus pathology among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the relationship between them has never been explored in a Chinese Population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 9 670 participants enrolled in a medical screening program. Ocular fundus examination was performed by ophthalmologists using ophthalmoscopes. The presence of eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria was defined as CKD.ResultsCompared to participants without CKD, participants with CKD had higher prevalence of retinopathy (28.5% vs. 16.3%, P < 0.001), glaucoma suspect (3.1% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.004), age-related macular degeneration (1.7% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.01) and overall eye pathology (32.0% vs. 19.4%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratio of proteinuria for overall eye pathology and retinopathy was 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.55) and 1.37 (95% CI 1.12-1.67), respectively. The results were robust after excluding participants with hypertension or with diabetes.ConclusionsOcular fundus pathology is common among Chinese patients with CKD. Regular eye exam among persons with proteinuria is warranted.
Highlights
Previous study indicated a high prevalence of ocular fundus pathology among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the relationship between them has never been explored in a Chinese Population
A recent study among 1 904 CKD patients in the United States indicated the overall prevalence of ocular fundus pathology among CKD patients was as high as 45% [11], suggesting the necessity of regular eye examination among those patients
Participants with ocular fundus pathology were older, had higher percentage of males, hypertension, diabetes and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to participants without ocular fundus pathology; participants with retinopathy had the similar pattern of characteristics
Summary
Previous study indicated a high prevalence of ocular fundus pathology among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the relationship between them has never been explored in a Chinese Population. Several types of ocular fundus pathology has been associated with CKD, such as retinal microvascular abnormalities [3,5,6], age-related macular degeneration [7,8,9], and increased intraocular pressure [10]. A recent study among 1 904 CKD patients in the United States indicated the overall prevalence of ocular fundus pathology among CKD patients was as high as 45% [11], suggesting the necessity of regular eye examination among those patients. To the best our we investigate the cross-sectional association between ocular fundus pathology and CKD among 9 670 Chinese participants in a standard medical screening program
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