Abstract
Background: Zoonosis, which causes acute and lethal encephalitis, is transmitted through the inoculation of the virus present in the saliva of mammals of several species. In Brazil, wild rabies is a challenge for epidemiological surveillance and a significant increase has already been observed in human cases. Some of the main wild reservoirs are: wild dog (Cerdocyon thous), marmosets (Callithrix sp) and hematophagous bats (Desmodus rotundus). Considering cases of positivity in marmosets in the Northeast of Brazil, together with the increasing number of cases in wild animals, this work aimed to survey the occurrence of the virus in a wild population. The animals were necropsied from the tramway ES-060, all of the Callithrix geoffroyi. The material collected for analysis of the rabies virus consisted of brain, which was conditioned and identified for later analysis at the Institute of Agricultural and Forest Defense of Espírito Santo (IDAF). The 44 samples gave negative results. The study suggests that the occurrence of the virus should be investigated in other localities, especially in regions closer to sites that have already been reported cases of rabies, and that the use of trampled animals is feasible for a better understanding of wildlife health.
Highlights
Zoonosis, which causes acute and lethal encephalitis, is transmitted through the inoculation of the virus present in the saliva of mammals of several species
All 44 samples were negative and despite the result, it is important to note that in Brazil the disease is endemic in several parts of the country, and in the wild cycle a larger number of canines and non-human primates are observed (ALBAS et al,2011)
In 2005 alone, a total of 44 deaths were recorded in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, including cases of marmoset attacks on humans kept as companion animals (WADA et al, 2011), and due to the proximity to the regions where they are registered positive cases, it is necessary to investigate and control the viral agent in the adjacent populations
Summary
Zoonosis, which causes acute and lethal encephalitis, is transmitted through the inoculation of the virus present in the saliva of mammals of several species. The main wild reservoirs of the rabies virus in Brazil are Cerdocyon thous, the marmoset (Callithrix sp) and the hematophagous bat (Desmodus rotundus) (KOTAIT et al, 2007; SODRÉ et al, 2010; AGUIAR et al, 2011).
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