Abstract
BackgroundFailure to expel fetal membranes within 24 h of calving is a pathological condition defined as retained placenta (RP). The objective of this investigation was to evaluate whether there are alterations in several selected serum variables related to innate immunity and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism that precede occurrence of RP in transition Holstein dairy cows.MethodsOne hundred multiparous Holstein dairy cows were involved in the study. Blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein during the −8 to +4 wks around parturition, once per week before the morning feeding. Six healthy control cows (CON) and 6 cows with RP were selected and serum samples at −8, −4, time of diagnosis of disease, and +4 wks relative to parturition were used for analyses. All samples were analyzed for lactate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), haptoglobin (Hp), and serum amyloid A (SAA).ResultsCows with RP had greater concentrations of serum lactate, IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and SAA in comparison with CON cows. Intriguingly, elevated concentrations of all five variables were observed at −8 and −4 wks before the occurrence of RP compared to healthy cows. Cows with RP also had lower DMI and milk production vs CON animals; however milk composition was not affected by RP.ConclusionsCows with RP showed an activated innate immunity 8 wks prior to diagnosis of disease. Overall results suggest that serum IL-1, IL- 6, and TNF, and lactate can be used as screening biomarkers to indicate cows that might have health issues during the transition period.
Highlights
Failure to expel fetal membranes within 24 h of calving is a pathological condition defined as retained placenta (RP)
Overall data demonstrated that concentration of lactate in cows with RP were greater compared to control/ healthy cows (CON) ones (4,502 vs 2,258 μmol/L; P < 0.05)
No differences between the two groups of cows were detected with regards to concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and BHBA in the serum; Table 1 Data of dry matter intake, milk production, milk composition, and selected metabolites, cytokines, and acute phase proteins (APPs) in the serum of dairy cows with (n = 6) and without (n = 6) retained placenta (RP) during the periparturient period
Summary
Failure to expel fetal membranes within 24 h of calving is a pathological condition defined as retained placenta (RP) The objective of this investigation was to evaluate whether there are alterations in several selected serum variables related to innate immunity and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism that precede occurrence of RP in transition Holstein dairy cows. Failure to expel fetal membranes within 24 h of calving is a pathological condition defined as retained placenta (RP) [1]. Ametaj et al [3] proposed that endotoxin might be involved in all four conditions by Dervishi et al Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology (2016) 7:26 lowering uterine atony, inducing edema of the chorionic villi, initiating the inflammatory state, and causing neutrophilia from inability of neutrophils to move to inflammatory tissues
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
