Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, pattern, and cause of poisoning. To characterize the poisoning cases admitted in a tertiary care hospital; followed by the outcome and to observe the antidote given for the poison cases.
 Methods: This observational study was undertaken in emergency departments (EMD) and Medical Record Department (MRD). Totally 557 poison cases was recruited in this study. Grade of poison was assessed by using poison severity score. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
 Results: A total of 557 poison cases were identified in 2, 39, 828 patients out of which 360(64%) were suicidal and 189(34) cases admitted were accidental. The patients who were admitted between 2-5 h after exposed to poison were found to be more followed by 0-1 hr,>1-2 h,>6-24 h,>24 h and>5-6 h. More number of cases were seen in the others (Synthetic cow dung powder and medicine) type of poison 296(53%) followed by household poisoning 93(17%), bites 86 (15%), insecticide poisoning 64(12%) and food poisoning 16(3%). Activated charcoal was the maximum used antidote.
 Conclusion: Through this study, it was found that suicidal poisoning was the most common type.
Highlights
Poison is defined as an agent which can kill, injure or harm the normal physiological function of the human beings
Information regarding the types of snakes available in those particular zones and suitable antidote for that snake bite will help the physicians to give treatment at right time and to prevent the organ failure caused by that poisonous snake bite
Accidental and suicidal poisoning along with the high morbidity and mortality rates seen in organophosphorus compounds
Summary
Poison is defined as an agent which can kill, injure or harm the normal physiological function of the human beings. Poison is one of the major causes for the death worldwide [1]. Among the Poisoning due to accidental or deliberate ingestion, inhalation of medicinal drugs and other chemicals, snake bite is one of the acute common medical emergencies for the increased mortality rate. Information regarding the types of snakes available in those particular zones and suitable antidote for that snake bite will help the physicians to give treatment at right time and to prevent the organ failure caused by that poisonous snake bite. An increase incidence of pesticide poisoning was seen in some retrospective hospital-based studies and some surveillance reports. Accidental and suicidal poisoning along with the high morbidity and mortality rates seen in organophosphorus compounds. We can able to reduce these incidences by implementing the community programs, upgrading and strengthening the toxicological units in the public health care centres, and counselling from the psychiatric specialist at the affordable cost [2]
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