Observational Foundations of Inhomogeneous Universe

Abstract

Using new observational data at optical (Jagiellonian Field) and radio (GB region) frequencies, the distributions of galaxies and radio sources are analysed.The results of the analysis show that there is a significant non-random surface distribution of galaxies irrespective of the scale of the field investigated. The observed clumpiness does not allow us to introduce discrete hierarchical structures. The distribution of galaxies shows rather a continuous hierarchical structure and for the description of the distribution of galaxies, some density indices should be used instead of imprecisely defined clusters of galaxies.In the radio domain, the distribution of radio sources in the GB region and the number-flux density relations which come from the different sub-regions are investigated. The results of our investigation show that the surface density of radio sources at several flux density levels and the number-flux density relations vary from place to place in the GB region and the significance level of the observed variations is at least 1%.The most important conclusion which can be drawn from the GB data is that results obtained from the observations of a single selected region of the sky cannot be generalized to obtain information about the whole population of radio sources in a given flux density range, and in addition the region itself – even chosen at random – ought not to be considered as a typical one.