Abstract
Introduction: Third molars are the last teeth to erupt through the oral cavity and in some cases they are congenitally missing, display impaction or remain included. There are many reasons for their removal: decay, lack of space in the dental arch or problems during its eruption. During surgical extraction, oral tissues may be injured, which causes painful symptoms and edema. To combat these surgical complications, it is necessary the use of drugs that fight inflammation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. To obtain best results, the combination of NSAIDs and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used in patients, either as preemptive medication and as postoperative medication. Objective: Performing a literature review in order to determine which drug classes have better postoperative outcomes for pain and swelling in of third molars extraction. Materials and methods: Studies present in SciELO, Lilacs and Pubmed databases published between 2000-2014 were included. Final considerations: Corticosteroids are used preemptively in order to reduce swelling frame, while NSAIDs have greater use in the postoperative period, in an attempt to reduce the pain.
Highlights
Third molars are the last teeth to erupt through the oral cavity and in some cases they are congenitally missing, display impaction or remain included
The combination of NSAIDs and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used in patients, either as preemptive medication and as postoperative medication
Quando os terceiros molares irrompem na cavidade oral, podem ou não erupcionar em alinhamento correto e funcional.(1) Isso se deve ao fato de os terceiros molares serem os últimos dentes a completarem sua formação e cronologicamente serem os últimos a irromperem, ficando susceptíveis à falta de espaço no arco dentário ou não conseguem romper o denso revestimento ósseo, ou o tecido mole sobreposto.(2)
Summary
Third molars are the last teeth to erupt through the oral cavity and in some cases they are congenitally missing, display impaction or remain included. Oral tissues may be injured, which causes painful symptoms and edema. To combat these surgical complications, it is necessary the use of drugs that fight inflammation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. Objective: Performing a literature review in order to determine which drug classes have better postoperative outcomes for pain and swelling in of third molars extraction. Final considerations: Corticosteroids are used preemptively in order to reduce swelling frame, while NSAIDs have greater use in the postoperative period, in an attempt to reduce the pain.
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