O papel das sequências narrativas na estrutura global de reportagens

Understanding the functions of graphicons such as emojis, images, memes, videos, GIFs, emoticons, and stickers has become increasingly relevant as they have become extensively integrated into textual messages on Facebook, especially in group chats. This study aimed to investigate the forms and functions of graphicons used by young Filipino users (ages 18-31) on Facebook group chats. The datasets were extracted from the corpora, ten Facebook group chats, each lasting for three months, and analyzed using or computer-mediated discourse analysis or language-focused content analysis. According to the findings of this study, emoji was the most widely used graphicon by young Filipino users on Facebook, while sticker was the least. Adopting Herring and Dainas’ six functions of graphicons (2017), the researcher discovered additional five functions on Facebook group chats. These functions are identified as mention, reaction, riff, tone modification, action, narrative sequence, response, sharing, replacement, complement, and attention. It was also discovered that a graphicon could serve more than one function in a conversation. Tone modification was the most commonly used function, while the narrative sequence was the least. It was found out that in both emojis and emoticons, ‘tone modification’ was the most used function while ‘sharing’ in both images and videos. Meanwhile, ‘action’ was the most used function in GIFs, ‘attention’ in memes, and ‘mention’ in stickers. Because of the significantly increased use of online communication, this study may provide insight on how people may use these graphicons in their everyday conversations.

The narratives of exclusion and self-exclusion in the Russian conflict discourse on EU–Russian Relations

This paper deals with a little studied topic in the analysis of popular scientific discourse: the description. The objective is to delimit in a qualitative analysis the descriptive sequential organization in a corpus composed of six Mexican articles of popular science. To do this it was necessary to delimit the descriptive sequences; the narrative sequences and the sequences of reported speech; using criteria set forth by Charaudeau (1992); J. M. Adam & C. U. Lorda (1999); and J. M. Adam (2000). The results show that in this corpus “description” predominates (55.52%). Referred discourse represents 22.42% of the corpus and is clearly used as a strategy for establishing credibility; while the narrative sequences represent only 15.74%. These results suggest a hypothesis for further research: that is; the more homogeneous the public for scientific popularization; the smaller the space dedicated to description and; by contrast; the more heterogeneous the public; the greater the space given over to description.

This paper attempts to show how public opinion discursively legitimates the subordinate status that low-skilled temporary foreign workers are assigned in Canada. The author first shows how this status has been created through the Temporary Foreign Worker Program and, more specifically, the Pilot Project for Occupations Requiring Lower Levels of Formal Training. In order to analyze public opinion, comments made online in reference to news outlet articles concerning low-skilled temporary foreign workers were located. Using a dual labor market theoretical framework a critical discourse analysis is performed on these comments, attempting to uncover how power and dominance are reproduced within them. The results of this analysis demonstrate how the discourse contained within public opinion helps to maintain the current status faced by this population.

This paper attempts to show how public opinion discursively legitimates the subordinate status that low-skilled temporary foreign workers are assigned in Canada. The author first shows how this status has been created through the Temporary Foreign Worker Program and, more specifically, the Pilot Project for Occupations Requiring Lower Levels of Formal Training. In order to analyze public opinion, comments made online in reference to news outlet articles concerning low-skilled temporary foreign workers were located. Using a dual labor market theoretical framework a critical discourse analysis is performed on these comments, attempting to uncover how power and dominance are reproduced within them. The results of this analysis demonstrate how the discourse contained within public opinion helps to maintain the current status faced by this population.

This study analyzes the strategic use of military media by Hamas during the Gaza War (2023–2025), focusing on the discursive construction of resistance and mobilization. Amid large-scale destruction and civilian casualties, media emerged as a central arena for ideological contestation. Drawing on speeches and statements by Abū ʿUbayda, spokesperson for the ʿIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām Brigades, this research examines how Hamas crafted narratives to justify military actions, legitimize its political position, and mobilize support across local and transnational contexts. Using Teun A. van Dijk’s socio-cognitive model of Critical Discourse Analysis, the study investigates the interplay between discourse, ideology, and collective memory. Through purposive and stratified sampling of textual and audiovisual materials from official Telegram channels, the analysis identifies key discursive strategies—lexical framing, religious symbolism, and emotional appeals—that represent the conflict as a divinely sanctioned struggle against occupation. At the macro level, themes of martyrdom, heroism, and ideological polarization dominate, while micro-level elements such as evaluative language and binary referential strategies reinforce in-group/out-group distinctions. Visual media further embed ideological content through symbolic imagery and narrative sequencing. The findings demonstrate how Hamas’s military media functioned as an ideological apparatus, shaping collective identity, sustaining morale, and mobilizing resistance within a hybrid media system.

Allegory represents an extended figurative construction in which narrative elements—characters, actions, events, and symbolic structures—encode meanings beyond their literal level. In electronic news reporting, allegory may be used to simplify complex issues, frame institutional identity, and convey ideological nuances through symbolic narratives. This study aims to develop a Python-based prototype capable of detecting allegorical expressions in electronic news texts and analyzing their discursive implications through a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) perspective. The research integrates text preprocessing, narrative pattern recognition, symbolic cue extraction, and lexical-semantic analysis to identify indicators of allegorical structures. The corpus consists of online news articles related to institutional coverage published between 2020–2025. The CDA framework, particularly Fairclough’s three-dimensional model, is employed to interpret the ideological and discursive functions of allegory. The prototype demonstrates preliminary accuracy in detecting allegorical patterns, particularly narrative sequences that portray institutions metaphorically as agents, guardians, vessels, or journeys. Findings indicate that allegory functions not merely as a stylistic device but as a discursive strategy to construct institutional identity, reinforce legitimacy, and shape public perception. The study contributes theoretically to discourse linguistics and figurative language analysis, and practically by providing a computational tool for identifying allegory in news media.

This paper presents a corpus-based analysis of the nature of spontaneous storytelling activity in daily conversation. Based on both the structural and interactional views of oral narrative, we propose to add another perspective, arguing that conversational storytelling is a three-dimensional construct, with narrative, interactive and cognitive functions performed simultaneously in the context of social communication. The study has recorded 15 pieces of casual talks by 11 adult native speakers of Chinese and extracted 87 stories altogether. From the data, we observe that in the process of conversational narratives, (1) narration is achieved interactively, with the narrative sequence, story structure and even tellership all framed by communicative needs; (2) interactional activities, such as self-image building, interpersonal work and social-cultural practice are engaged in; (3) intersubjective social cognition is also achieved as personal experience becomes shared and cooperatively interpreted.

Anders Engberg-Pedersen, Empire of Chance: Napoleonic Wars and the Disorder of Things. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2015. 336 pp.Empire of Chance investigates the codependence of the transformation of chance into an organizational of modern reality and the cultural predominance of war in European cultural memory. Engberg-Pedersen opts to demonstrate that the state of war-an epistemological mode whose origins he locates in the Napoleonic and Revolutionary Wars-has become emblematic of the modern perception of the world. cipher of war, he argues, has had far-reaching ramifications, which can be scrutinized in literary texts negotiating this epistemic transition. To Engberg-Pedersen, fills two roles in the kind of discourse analysis that he proposes: first, literature as a medium plays a privileged role because it conjures a dynamic empirical field (246). Aesthetic choices, such as replacing the traditional sequence of narrative with an unpredictable set of events, evince a new perception of reality. Thus, in his reading of Tristram Shandy, Engberg-Pedersen argues that the novel, which refers to battles in its plot, develops a poetics of contingency that makes chance its organizational principle (27). Second, concurrently to its experimentation with a given discourse, negotiates the cultural inf luence of this discourse by challenging the conditions that gave rise to its centrality: within the military discourse also occupies the position of the outsider. It is itself a prism in which the military discourse is broken into the different rays by way of a metareflection on its claims and suppositions (247).The first chapter presents the state of war in the eighteenth century as a catalyst of narratological innovations in the modern novel. Chapter 2 centers on the influence of the state of war on German idealism in challenging Kantian thinking, whose dogmatism appeared to pertain to times of peace. Chapter 3 examines how war provoked skepticism about the ability of the subject to apprehend the empirical world and question the validity of human sensibilities and the effectiveness of human judgment. Chapter 4 seeks to connect emerging pedagogic strands in modernity, such as antidogmatic education tuned toward real-life circumstances, to lessons learned on the battlefield. Chapters 5 and 6 center on changes in cartography in the nineteenth century. They propose that the state of war evinced a new perception of space as territories to be invaded, fought over, and ultimately conquered. Literature radically amends the functional use of objects instrumental for warcraft, as seen in the appearance of maps in literary texts, thereby employing its critical role as an outsider to the discourse on war.War diverges significantly from other ciphers that have been described as important for modernity: war undergirds the perception that disorder is inherent to human existence by challenging the ability of the subject to understand reality. This assumption underlies the book's approach to discourse analysis. author takes issue with Foucault's description of the epistemological disjunction that occurred with the rise of history as a leading paradigm around 1800, which dictated a radical turn from metaphysics to a focus on empirical objects. Reiterating the view of modern epistemology as disrupted, Engberg-Pedersen contends that chance refutes the apprehension of the world through empiricism: The state of war is articulated in a diverse range of forms, materials, and genres that all, with shifting emphases, respond to the disappearance of a secure foundation of knowledge (246). disruption of reality is the logical result of the loss of the ability to make sense of the world altogether. …

This article discusses and carries out discourse analysis on a set of learning materials about ‘better conversation’ produced for British Telecommunications and made available to the British public in 1997. It is argued that many of the norms and strategies presented as desirable in the materials derive from the discourse practices that are valorized in therapeutic and quasi-therapeutic settings, and reflect the liberal, individualist, consensual ideology associated with those settings. Although women are credited with superior communication skills, and it is asserted that they are more ‘comfortable’ than men with the recommended ways of talking, it is suggested here that the ways of talking in question tend to produce outcomes that reinforce rather than challenge the subordinate status of women.

This study investigates how ideological legitimacy and claims of innocence are discursively constructed in Tom Lembong’s handwritten pledoi as reported by Tirto.id within the context of his corruption case. While previous Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) research on corruption has primarily examined media framing and political elites, limited attention has been given to technocratic actors and to defense statements as autonomous sites of ideological production. Addressing this gap, the study employs a qualitative research design with a descriptive–interpretive orientation, utilizing Teun A. van Dijk’s CDA framework to analyze the discourse at macrostructural, superstructural, and microstructural levels. The data consists of a single online news article reproducing the pledoi during the pre-trial phase. The findings indicate that the global meaning of the text is structured around themes of gratitude, cooperation with legal authorities, institutional trust, nationalism, and religious devotion, which collectively construct an ideology of moral–patriotic integrity. At the superstructural level, the discourse follows a coherent narrative sequence that moves from respectful address and gratitude to moral self-positioning, institutional alignment, national commitment, and religious closure, guiding readers toward an interpretation centered on humility and ethical credibility. At the microstructural level, positive lexicalization, inclusive pronouns, high-commitment modality, presuppositions of innocence, repetition, politeness markers, and the absence of legal jargon contribute to a non-adversarial and morally persuasive discourse. Overall, the pledoi functions as an ideological substitute for legal defense, foregrounding moral, national, and religious values to negotiate legitimacy under conditions of legal and institutional asymmetry. This study contributes to CDA by foregrounding defense discourse as a site of ideological construction and by extending corruption discourse analysis to technocratic actors within Indonesian digital journalism.

Two types of conversational narratives are examined in a corpus of interviews with Salvadoran immigrants who live in Washington, D.C. On the one hand, narrative sequences of counterfactual or hypothetical events position the virtual as opposed to or in comparison with the actual and, in doing so, they convey the narrator's commentary and perspective. On the other hand, narrative sequences of repeated or habitual events create the effect of a static, self-contained picture of the past and can be used to present experience as generalized and common. Both types of sequences are characterized as resources for argumentation. It is shown how recourse to irreality takes place to back a claim and how looking at the past from the past makes the storyteller's perspective relatively immune to challenge. The sociohistorical conditions of the events recounted in the data provide the basis for the view of the immigration and integration experiences presented in this paper. (Discourse Analysis, Linguistic Anthropology)

The aim of the work is to identify the gender specificity of the sports news narrative. The object of the study is a sports news narrative. The subject of the study is the gender aspect of the sports news narrative. The relevance of this work is due to several reasons. Firstly, the research topic corresponds to the methodology of modern language science, since the scientific tools of narratology allow us to apply the categories of narrative intrigue, worldview and events with a high degree of effectiveness, to identify their correlation. Secondly, in the era of globalization and the participation of a significant number of people in sports events, the broadcast of sports news releases from the event site and the publication of news articles on the Internet, the study of the specifics of communication in the field of sports seems very timely. Thirdly, in relation to gender analysis, the sports news narrative makes it possible to identify the feminine and masculine specifics of verbal behavior in different cultures. The research methodology is based on an integrated combination of linguistic narrative, discursive and gender approaches. The main methods of this work are discourse analysis, linguistic narrative analysis and descriptive-comparative method and quantitative method. The novelty of this work lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative gender analysis of the features of the sports news narrative is carried out. A two-stage methodology has been developed to identify the gender characteristics of sports news narrative texts. Conclusions: The common features of the feminine and masculine sports news narrative are a diegetic narrative strategy and a truncated narrative sequence. In the feminine sports news narrative, female authors arrange the elements of the statement so that the subsequent part becomes more expressive, richer and more impressive than the previous one (menopause). Male authors include extra-fictional elements in the text that delay the development of the image of the event, stimulating the curiosity of readers (retardation). Female authors implement an accusatory and emotive orientation. By implementing their communicative attitudes, they strive to assess the events taking place, declare their feelings and emotions, and strive to attract the addressee to empathy. The masculine sports narrative has a provocative and ironic orientation, male authors strive to establish and maintain contact with addressees, speech is characterized by a diverse set of vivid lexical and figurative means that can also have a paradoxical connotation, there is a desire to create an interesting and creative image to activate the attention of readers.

Chapter 1 The study discourse: discourse - the text-linguistic perspective text as a unit content, form and structure cohesion text, meaning and context the data of discourse analysis. Chapter 2 The modes of discourse: speech events and schemata genres or discourse types - spoken and written discourse modes the narrative mode the non-narrative mode defining characteristics of the two modes. Chapter 3 Discourse units and relations: narrative parts and plot units as thematic categories narrative sequence and hierarchy non-narrative units in sequence ideational acts intentional relations and arguments. Chapter 4 Discourse organization: discourse markers participant chains time chains lexical patterning I lexical patterning II sentence structure patterning the synergy of signals. Chapter 5 Structures and functions: evaluation and tellability in narrative strategies of involvement narrative performance summary non-narrative rhetorical patterns and functions evaluation in non-narrative discourse functions and generic structures. Chapter 6 Narrative and non-narrative in interaction: contexts of interaction between narrative and non-narrative non-patterned discourse the interaction of analyses units and structures functions and relations knowledge in discourse interdisciplinary affiliations and emerging paradigms towards an integration of discourse approaches.

A Tale of Two Theories