Abstract
There has been increasing interest in nuts and their outcome regarding human health. The consumption of nuts is frequently associated with reduction in risk factors for chronic diseases. Although nuts are high calorie foods, several studies have reported beneficial effects after nut consumption, due to fatty acid profiles, vegetable proteins, fibers, vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and phytosterols with potential antioxidant action. However, the current findings about the benefits of nut consumption on human health have not yet been clearly discussed. This review highlights the effects of nut consumption on the context of human health.
Highlights
There is increasing interest in nut consumption and human health outcomes [1]
Prior reviews and epidemiological and/or clinical trials have suggested that regular nut consumption has beneficial impact on health outcomes, such as obesity [6], hypertension [7], diabetes mellitus [8], and cardiovascular diseases [3], with reduction in mediators of chronic diseases such as oxidative stress, inflammation, visceral adiposity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome [9]
The satiety sensation may compensate for the energy surplus, and it is known that the energy absorption from almonds is not totally efficient due to the nutritional composition of this food, such as the high amount of fiber [12]
Summary
There is increasing interest in nut consumption and human health outcomes [1]. Nuts are commonly consumed in the Mediterranean diet, and their consumption has been recommended to populations all over the world [2]. Tree nuts, such as almonds, hazelnuts, cashew nuts, Brazil nuts, macadamias, walnuts, and pistachios, as well as legume seeds, such peanuts, are nutrient-dense foods each with a unique composition. The current findings about the main benefits of the consumption of each nut type on human health have not yet been discussed. In this systematic review, we highlight the effects of nut consumption on human health
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