Nutritional status of patients with Parkinson's disease and their influence factors

Abstract

Objective To observe the nutritional status of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and investigate the influences of some non-motor symptoms in nutritional status. Methods One hundred and nineteen PD patients, admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to May 2017, and followed up for a long time, were chosen in our study. General clinical data, as age, gender, disease history, and Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) grading, were collected, and the nutritional status of the patients was evaluated by subject global assessment (SGA) and patient generated subject global assessment (PG-SGA). According to the PG-SGA results, groups of grading A (well-nourished status), grading B (moderately malnourished status), and grading C (severely malnourished status) were divided. The proportion of each type of symptoms appeared in each group was compared and the risk factors of malnutrition in PD patients were determined by Logistics regression analysis. Results Among the 119 PD patients, 86 (72.26%) were classified as grading A, 33 (27.73%) as grading B, and none as grading C. There were statistically significant differences in body mass, body mass index, PG-SGA total scores and H-Y grading between patients from grading A and grading B groups (P<0.05). Among the 82 grading A patients, the common symptoms were dry mouth (n=49, 56.98%), constipation (n=43, 50.00%) and abnormal taste (n=25, 29.07%); among the 33 grading B patients, the common symptoms were dry mouth (n=23, 69.70%), constipation (n=21, 63.64%) and abnormal taste (n=18, 52.90%); there were statistically significant differences in the frequencies of anorexia, abnormal taste or no taste, bad smell, early satiety, pain and dietary intake between patients from the two groups (P<0.05). Anorexia (OR=10.76, 95%CI: 2.00-57.894, P=0.006), early satiety (OR=4.539, 95%CI: 1.633-11.491, P=0.003), and pain (OR=4.608, 95%CI: 1.038-20.452, P=0.045) were independent risk factors for malnutrition in PD patients. Conclusion PD patients are prone to malnutrition; when patients have anorexia, early satiety and pain symptoms, timely intervention should be given or nutritional support should be further strengthened. Key words: Parkinson's disease; Nutritional status; Patient generated subject global assessment; No-motor symptom