Abstract
BackgroundThe changes of hemodynamics and drug concentration distribution caused by the implantation of drug eluting stents (DESs) in curved vessels have significant effects on In-Stent Restenosis.MethodsA 3D virtual stent with 90°curvature was modelled and the distribution of wall shear stress (WSS) and drug concentration in this model were numerically studied at Reynolds numbers of 200, 400, 600, 800.ResultsThe results showed that (1) the intensity of secondary flow at the 45° cross-section was stronger than that at the 90° cross-section; (2) As the Reynolds number increases, the WSS decreases. When the Reynolds number reaches 600, the low-WSS region only accounts for 3% of the total area. (3) The effects of Reynolds number on drug concentration in the vascular wall decreases in proportionally and then the blood velocity increased 4 times, the drug concentration in the vascular wall decreased by about 30%. (4) The size of the high drug concentration region is inversely proportional to the Reynolds number. As the blood velocity increases, the drug concentration in the DES decreases, especially at the outer bend.ConclusionsIt is beneficial for the patient to decrease vigorous activities and keep calm at the beginning of the stent implantation, because a substantial amount of the drug is released in the first two months of stent implantation, thus a calm status is conducive to drug release and absorption; Subsequently, appropriate exercise which increases the blood velocity is helpful in decreasing regions of low-WSS.
Highlights
Atherosclerosis is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of cholesterol and triglyceride [1]
It is beneficial for the patient to decrease vigorous activities and keep calm at the beginning of the stent implantation, because a substantial amount of the drug is released in the first two months of stent implantation, a calm status is conducive to drug release and absorption; Subsequently, appropriate exercise which increases the blood velocity is helpful in decreasing regions of low-wall shear stress (WSS)
In this study, the effects of different Reynolds number on the hemodynamics, drug concentration and secondary flow were analyzed with 3D drug eluting stents (DESs) models
Summary
Atherosclerosis is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of cholesterol and triglyceride [1]. From the viewpoint of biomechanics, factors such as blood flow velocity, impact flow, pressure and wall shear stress (WSS) have important effects on atherosclerosis. When a drug eluting stent (DES) is implanted in a curved vessel, secondary flow arises due to the curvature. The emphasis of the aforementioned literature is on secondary flow in a curved channel or pipe, but research on the implantation of a stent in a curved vessel is sparse, it is necessary to study the effects of secondary flow on the hemodynamics and drug distribution in curved vascular walls. The changes of hemodynamics and drug concentration distribution caused by the implantation of drug eluting stents (DESs) in curved vessels have significant effects on In-Stent Restenosis
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