Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) emitted from livestock and poultry production contributes to atmospheric aerosol loading, affecting animal health and the surrounding atmospheric environment. However, developing and optimizing remediation technologies require a better understanding of air pollutant concentrations, the emission plumes, and the mechanism of emission. Previous studies have primarily focused on indoor air pollution research, while outdoor research is relatively rare. Field test research is not only costly but also consumes extensive amounts of time. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology can save a lot of measurement time and repetitive labor, in order to better understand the diffusion fundamentals and spatial and temporal distribution differences of PM. This study monitored the PM concentrations of different particle sizes inside and outside a layer house with negative pressure ventilation in Northeast China during the summer of 2021. These data were also used to validate the three-dimensional simulation of the PM concentrations inside and outside of the layer house in various scenarios of wind directions at different times by CFD technology. Through correlation analysis, it is found that temperature was positively correlated with PM1 and PM2.5, and relative humidity and wind speed were negatively correlated with PM, which has a greater impact on PM10 and total suspended particulate (TSP). The particle size was proportional to the diffusion distance and diffusion height, time, and wind direction both have an impact on the spread of PM. Considering the environmental conditions in Northeast China, increasing the height of the fan by 1 m was suggested to reduce the diffusion of PM concentration. In addition, the diffusion patterns and transport paths in this study provide valuable information for improving control measures to minimize the influence of PM on both animal health and air quality.
Highlights
The livestock and poultry breeding industry is an important section in the development of the agricultural economy
Air pollution caused by Particulate matter (PM) was generally regarded as a consequence of industrialization and urbanization, and agriculture was not regarded as the main source of air pollution
Compared with field test research, the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology can save a lot of measurement time and repetitive labor, in order to better understand the diffusion fundamentals and spatial and temporal distribution difference of PM
Summary
The livestock and poultry breeding industry is an important section in the development of the agricultural economy. With the introduction of internet technology and modernized breeding management technologies in the industrial chain, the Chinese livestock and poultry breeding industry has shown a trend of rapid development [1]. In 2020, the number of laying hens in China increased to 6.78 billion, a year-on-year increase of. In the past 30 years, China has been the world’s largest egg producer, accounting for nearly 40% of the world’s egg production [2]. Air pollution caused by PM was generally regarded as a consequence of industrialization and urbanization, and agriculture was not regarded as the main source of air pollution.
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