Abstract
Three-dimensional numerical simulations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in a Chaochai 6102bzl direct injection diesel engine are performed. n-Heptane is chosen as the fuel. A detailed mechanism, which includes 108 species and 572 elementary reactions that describe n-heptane oxidation and PAH formation, is proposed. A reduced kinetic mechanism, with only 86 reactions and 57 species, is developed and incorporated into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software for the numerical simulations. Results show that PAHs, which were mostly deposited at the bottom of the diesel combustion chamber wall, first increased and then decreased with the increase in diesel crank angle. Furthermore, the diesel engine operating conditions (intake vortex intensity, intake air pressure, fuel injection advance angle, diesel load, and engine speed) had a significant effect on PAH formation.
Highlights
The diesel engine is widely used in various kinds of power devices and has gradually become one of the main power sources in different types of vehicles because of its low oil consumption, high thermal efficiency, good compatibility, and energy savings, as well as low HC and CO emissions [1]
This study aims to perform numerical simulations of the actual operating process of direct injection (DI) diesel engines (Chaochai 6102bzl engine) and formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), including benzene (A1), naphthalene (A2), phenanthrene (A3), and pyrene (A4), using the FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software
The results show that the mechanism can describe flame characteristics
Summary
The diesel engine is widely used in various kinds of power devices and has gradually become one of the main power sources in different types of vehicles because of its low oil consumption, high thermal efficiency, good compatibility, and energy savings, as well as low HC and CO emissions [1]. The diesel engine can emit a large number of soot particles during operation [2,3,4,5]. Research indicates that diesel engines may need 0.2–0.5% fuel oil to convert soot particles into extra fine particles (∼0.1 μm diameter) [6] emitted from the exhaust pipe. These particles consist of hydrocarbons (including aromatic hydrocarbon materials) adsorbed on carbon black. Controlling soot emission is a key issue in the development of diesel engines. To improve engine soot emission and engine performance, understanding the soot structure and formation mechanism of diesel engines is necessary
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