Abstract
Automotive laminated glass is normally sandwiched by two soda-lime glass layers and one polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer. Though it is a simple composite structure, its mechanical performance including failure behaviour plays an important role in the context of pedestrian-vehicle accidents. This paper develops a numerical approach, including an extrinsic cohesive shell model and a tie-break algorithm, for impact failure analysis of automotive windshield glazing subjected to a dummy pedestrian headform. During impact, cohesive shell elements are adaptively inserted into the windshield finite element model to represent progressive glass cracking. An edge-to-edge approach is proposed to tackle the contacts between glass cracks. The interaction between glass and PVB is switched from tied connection to contact sliding after a defined fracture criterion is satisfied. The effectiveness of the developed numerical approach is validated by comparing the simulation and experimental results in terms of final fracture patterns and acceleration histories. Besides, numerical studies have been conducted to investigate the influences of impact velocity, impact angle, impact location, and boundary constraint condition on head injury criterion values.
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