Abstract
The Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrices (FRCMs) and Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) are a promising strengthening solution for existing masonry since inorganic matrix is considerably compatible with historical substrates. The present paper is focused on a Finite Element (FE) analysis of masonry columns confined with FRCM composites developed by Abaqus-code. The masonry columns were modelled using a macro model approach. The model was performed by using the following functions Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) and the Plastic (P) in order to describe the constitutive laws of material for masonry columns and external reinforcement, respectively. Typical failures of FRCM-systems are slippage of the fibers within the embedding matrix, instead for SRG-systems are detachment of the composite strip at the fabric-matrix interface and fiber rupture. In addition, perfect bond was considered for the interaction between the masonry column and in the overlap zone the bond slip law was modelled on the base of the failure mode. Results of an experimental investigation on FRCM and SRG clay brick masonry columns are used to calibrate the numerical model.
Highlights
Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) consisting of fibers such as carbon, PBO, glass or basalt in form of bidirectional fabric with inorganic matrix and, Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) consisting of continuous unidirectional steel fibers with inorganic matrix are recently, largely employed for strengthening or retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete and masonry structures
The performances of masonry columns confined with FRCM/SRG have been analyzed by experimental investigations (Carloni et al, 2015; Ombres, 2015b; Cascardi et al, 2017, 2018a,b; Fossetti and Minafò, 2017; Maddaloni et al, 2017; Santandrea et al, 2017a; Sneed et al, 2017; Minafò and La Mendola, 2018; Minafò et al, 2018); obtained results evidenced the effectiveness of the confining systems with an increase both in axial load capacity and ductility
The use of basalt-FRCM jackets was effective in enhancing the strength only for low grade masonry columns; for normal strength masonry columns they are effective in increasing the energy absorption but they have a limited effect on the increase of the axial capacity
Summary
Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) consisting of fibers such as carbon, PBO (short of polyparaphenylenebenzobisoxazole), glass or basalt in form of bidirectional fabric with inorganic matrix and, Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) consisting of continuous unidirectional steel fibers with inorganic matrix are recently, largely employed for strengthening or retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete and masonry structures. Mechanical parameters were calibrated by experimental results; in addition, perfect bond was considered for the interaction between the masonry column while in the overlap zone a non-linear bond-slip law, modeled on the base of the failure mode, was adopted. Results of an experimental investigation conducted on small-scale clay brick masonry columns confined with different FRCM systems (namely Steel-FRCM or Steel Reinforced Grout, SRG, PBO-FRCM and basalt-FRCM) and subjected to compressive axial load, were reported and used to calibrate the numerical procedure. Being bf and bc widths of the SRG/FRCM strip and the crosssection, respectively, while fmaxt is the maximum tensile stress obtained in the single lap direct shear tests, which in this case was set as average values on the results present in literature for steel, basalt, and PBO fibers (Carloni et al, 2017; Santandrea et al, 2017a; Ombres et al, 2019). The twelve LVDTs were positioned along the height of the columns; three LVDTs for each face of the column, in particular at the top, at the mid height and at the bottom
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