Abstract

A null constrained beamformer is a minimum variance beamformer in which each weight is either forced to remain zero or allowed to participate in the adaptive interference nulling process. Based on source delay modeling, a null constraint set is determined by sensor position tolerance, look-direction tolerance and signal correlation characteristics. These constraints make the desired primary input signal statistically orthogonal to the reference input. This beamformer addresses the problem of reducing broadband and narrowband sidelobe interference without rejecting the mainlobe broadband signal. Wiener solution analysis guarantees superior output signal to interference plus noise ratio as compared to a conventional beamformer. Preservation of a broadband signal is proven to be insensitive to sensor-element gain. A spatial separation of discrete white noise sources is analyzed, using the inversion lemma. This easily implemented processor is well suited to wideband low power signals.

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