Nuclear physics for cultural heritage

The article gives an overview of digital projects concerned with urban cultural heritage and based on the use of database technologies. Since the 2000s, these technologies have become an integral part of the practice of preservation and study of urban cultural heritage. The popularity of database technologies in this field can be explained primarily by their effectiveness in storing, editing, searching through, and analyzing information. Systems of database management used in digital projects ensure the documentation of various historical sources (written, visual, oral, etc.), phenomena, and processes, as well as provide additional opportunities for presentation and visualization of study results. Undoubtedly, the use of database technologies has a positive effect on the theory, methods, and instruments of the preservation and study of urban cultural heritage. At the same time, the use of database technologies and creation of digital archives (databanks) cannot be seen as a goal in itself and as the end result of digital projects devoted to urban cultural heritage. Instead, the practicability and specifics of building databases should be determined by their potential impact on the handling of certain pragmatic and conceptual tasks. It should also be borne in mind that database technologies usually do not ensure a complete transfer of information from primary sources to the electronic format. Rather, databanks being created today will become sources for the next generation. The prospects of using database technologies for the preservation and study of urban cultural heritage also remain subject to debate. After all, at the present stage it is important not only to expand the thematic focus of databases, but also to combine them with other information technologies, such as geographic information systems, 3D modeling, augmented and virtual reality, visual storytelling, and others.

The article examines the current state and main problems of preservation and use of cultural heritage for tourism development in Ukraine. It was found that cultural heritage is becoming a new factor in economic and spiritual life in Ukraine, is a powerful resource for balanced development of society, performing in modern society many modern functions, including political, economic, social, and spiritual. At the same time, the study and generalization of modern theoretical and methodological works on the assessment of cultural heritage have made it possible to establish the lack of development of the concept of cultural heritage in general and its conceptual and terminological apparatus in particular. Currently, Ukraine is actively integrating into the world cultural space, so a full and comprehensive identification and study of cultural heritage for the purpose of balanced use and comprehensive preservation – a strategic, state-important humanistic and scientific-practical task. According to the research results, the principles of socio-geographical research of cultural heritage are formulated and the structural-graphic model of complex socio-geographical study of cultural heritage as a factor of socio-economic development of regions is developed; the current state and main problems of preservation and use of the cultural heritage of Ukraine are determined; describes the program-targeted approach to solving the problems of protection and use of cultural heritage, outlines practical recommendations for ways to improve the use of the historical and cultural potential of regions for tourism development in Ukraine. The obtained theoretical and applied results of the research create preconditions for the formation of an appropriate methodological basis for their application in the national economy, which enhances the practical significance of the work.

Introduction. Preservation and study of cultural and historical heritage is one of the strategic tasks of modern society. UNESCO has played a major role in the implementation of these tasks for many years. UNESCO suggests that cultural and educational tourism, as a way of consuming cultural attractions, among which museums occupy an important place, is an effective method of studying world heritage. The purpose of the article is to prove the role of memorial museums as an objects of cultural and educational tourism and a factor in the study of cultural and historical heritage. Materials and methods. The research materials and methods are based on an analysis of the specifics of memorial museums as an object of study of cultural and historical heritage. The methodological basis is the theory of museum communication, the theory of “memory studies”, as well as methodological aspects of the study of cultural and historical heritage in the system of modern education. The research materials are based both on traditional methods and on the use of an interdisciplinary approach, including sociocultural and activity methods. Results. The results of the study are based on the analysis of information on the topic of educational and scientific activities of two modern memorial museums: The State Memorial Historical-Literary and NaturalLandscape Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin “Mikhailovskoye” and the State Memorial Museum of the Defense and Siege of Leningrad, which have a unique history and status as objects of cultural heritage of the Russian Federation. Authors analyze media files from museum data, materials from online broadcasts of conferences, seminars and round tables, interviews, lectures and publications of researchers. Conclusion. The conducted research helps to determine further ways of developing educational tourism and the role of the memorial museum as an object for studying cultural and historical heritage with the aim of using it in the process of educational and outreach activities.

Nuclear physics applications in medicine and energy are well known and widely reported. For example, the recent report “Nuclear Physics for Medicine,” published by the European Science Foundation [1] or “Energy for the Future: The Nuclear Option,” written by scientists at the European Physical Society (EPS) [2] can be mentioned. Less well known are the many important nuclear and related techniques to study objects of cultural heritage. There has been enormous progress in this field in recent years and our current contribution provides some snippets of the comprehensive topical paper “Nuclear Physics for Cultural Heritage” published by the EPS recently [3], which aims for a popular and accessible account showing the broad nuclear physics applications in cultural heritage investigation and preservation. Nuclear Physics contributes to archaeometry mainly by non-invasive investigation of cultural heritage objects with ion and neutron beams.

Kazakhstan is a country rich in historical heritage, cultural values, traditions and customs. Since the Republic of Kazakhstan's formation as a sovereign state, preserving its historical and cultural heritage has become one of the country's primary state objectives. A number of state programs aimed at ensuring the preservation of historical and cultural heritage have been adopted in the country. For example, the state program «cultural heritage» is a set of measures that form a whole system for the discovery of new historical and cultural monuments, restoration and reconstruction of important historical and cultural objects, and the study of the country's cultural heritage. Within the framework of the program, a large-scale inventory of domestic historical and cultural monuments was conducted, resulting in the approval of state lists comprising 218 national monuments and 11,277 local monuments of culture. The UNESCO World Heritage list includes the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi and petroglyphs of the Tamgaly archaeological landscape, as well as the Natural Heritage Site «Saryarka-steppes and lakes of Northern Kazakhstan». The norms of law regulating land for historical and cultural purposes regulate the relations of Use and protection of land for historical and cultural purposes as a natural resource in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the rational use of land, and the exercise of the rights and legitimate interests of subjects of land relations. The purpose of the study is to identify the legal aspects of official recognition, rational use, and protection of objects of historical and cultural heritage. In the article, the authors try to reflect their distinctive features in the official recognition of objects of historical and cultural heritage. According to the authors, firstly, objects of historical and cultural heritage first of all, these are real estate objects, because these objects are inextricably linked with the land and it is impossible for them to function without the use of land. Secondly, there is a history of the formation and development of objects of historical and cultural heritage. Thirdly, objects of historical and cultural heritage are not only real estate objects, but also objects of value from the point of view of history, archeology, architecture, urban planning, art, science, ethnology, anthropology, and culture. Keywords: historical and cultural heritage, cultural monuments, objects of historical and cultural heritage, cultural value.

The article examines theoretical and applied issues of the landscape science approach to the study and preservation of industrial cultural and historical heritage. Purpose. To justify and illustrate with specific examples the provisions about industrial traces and palimpsests in relation to post-technogenic landscapes, as well as to show the possibilities of applying the developed concept in the practice of research and preservation of industrial heritage. Methods. 1. Comparative-historical, paleolandscape studies. 2. Industrial-archaeological. 3. Historical-hermeneu-tic. 4. Remote (using Internet resources). 5. Sociological-field. Results. Landscape traces are newly formed and transformed elements, components and images of the landscape (in the landscape), which were caused by human activity, which actually stopped or was greatly reduced. Traces accumulated layer by layer in the landscape form a landscape palimpsest (landscape as a palimpsest). Landscape traces and palimpsests are important for the landscape to acquire cultural qualities. They are the subject of protection and preservation, objects of cultural and historical heritage. If the human activity that creates traces and palimpsests is a production activity and causes the formation of a post-technogenic landscape, then we should talk about industrial landscape traces and palimpsests. They are objects of industrial heritage and are also subject to protection and preservation. The simplest monument protection category that can be applied to them is "monument of science and technology" (this concept is regulated by law). Industrial traces and palimpsests consist of material and ideal objects and phenomena related to production activities and the daily life of working people, prominent figures of scientists, engineers, and technologists. The ideal component of the industrial footprint in the industrial post-technogenic landscape is represented by workers' slang, folklore, music, legends, superstitions, traditions, toponyms, surnames, etc. The article presents experience and outlines problems related to the identification, study, and preservation of industrial traces and palimpsests in post-technogenic landscapes that were formed by sugar beet production (Vinnytsia, Zhytomyr, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Chernihiv regions), glassmaking (Transcarpathia), uranium mining (Kryvbas). All of them are the industrial heritage of our Motherland and require accounting, research, and protection. Scientific novelty. Theoretical developments in the field related to the doctrine of landscape traces and palimpsests in general and regarding industrial post-technogenic geosystems in particular are brought into a coherent system. Unique examples of landscape traces and palimpsests in the sugar factory, glass-making and uranium-mining heritage of Ukraine are presented. Practical significance. The developments of the article can be effectively used in the identification, study and protection of industrial cultural and historical heritage.

Elements of intangible cultural heritage have relatively recently entered the structure of the potential of tourist resources. The complex nature and essence of the very elements of the intangible cultural heritage require the development of special methods for their research, based on the options for the possible use of these elements. In the study of intangible cultural heritage, the socio-geographical approach plays an important role. It is noted that it is more expedient to build the study of intangible cultural heritage on the basis of a component approach (which involves the consideration of intangible cultural heritage, on the one hand, as an integral part of cultural heritage in general, and on the other hand, as a component of the historical and cultural resources of a certain territory, a destination of a tourism region), as well as on the bases of a territorial approach. An algorithm for the socio-geographical study of intangible cultural heritage is proposed, which distinguishes three successive interrelated stages: preparatory; analytical and generalizing; recommendatory, each of these is divided into substages and carefully described. The place of objects of intangible cultural heritage in the historical and cultural potential of the territory is described. Among the many specialized types of tourism, the most expedient is the development of such types as: cultural and educational, rural, industrial, gastronomic, ethnographic, event (festival), religious, artistic, which contribute not only to the preservation and promotion of intangible cultural heritage, but also to the development of local economic potential and intercultural understanding. The proposed methodology for studying the elements of intangible cultural heritage is one of the options for conducting research on this topic, that in each case will need to be supplemented and refined, however, at the present stage, it can serve as a solid basis for starting and activating such research. The provided list of thematic types of tourism can also be elaborated on the basis of the use of objects of intangible cultural heritage, does not claim to be exclusively complete and can be expanded and supplemented, opening up prospects for further research in this direction.

Physical Techniques in the study of Art, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

The article focuses on the establishment of the Educational and Research Laboratory of Folk Art "Svitlytsia" at the Educational and Scientific Institute of Philology of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv as a new platform for the preservation, promotion, and academic study of Ukraine's intangible cultural heritage. In collaboration with the Department of Folklore Studies and the Center for Folklore and Ethnography, this unit aims to serve as space for holding professional seminars, workshops, lectures, exhibitions, presentations of field ethnographic materials, meetings with tradition bearers, as well as practical training sessions for university students. The article presents the history of the creation of the Laboratory of Folk Art "Svitlytsia", analyzes the content of the ethnographic collection donated to the University, the structure of the exhibition, and the practical significance of the collected artifacts in the training of folklorists and ethnocultural specialists. Special attention is given to the museum collection of traditional women's costumes from various ethnographic regions of Ukraine, a collection of traditional household items and contemporary amateur artworks, and to the material evidence of the living folk song tradition – the audio and video archives of the Folk-music television project. The importance of expert evaluation and the digital preservation of folklore heritage is emphasized. The review also explores the didactic potential of the collected artifacts in the context of teaching professional disciplines within educational programs focused on the study of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. The authors highlight the integrative potential of academic and applied folklore studies in the spheres of education, science, and cultural diplomacy, especially in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, and emphasize the role of collaboration between the university community, tradition bearers, philanthropists, and cultural enthusiasts in preserving national identity amid modern humanitarian challenges.

The article examines the history of the development of strategies and practices for the preservation of cultural and intangible cultural heritage in the countries of post-Soviet Central Asia. It is shown that they developed dynamically, in general, in accordance with global trends; they were correlated with UNESCO documents and fixed at the level of national legal systems, state cultural policy, in academic and socio-political discourses. The concepts of cultural heritage were the basis of the national sovereignty of the countries of Central Asia – the lists of internationally recognized objects of cultural heritage and masterpieces of intangible cultural heritage acquired a significant character. At the same time, in the course of a broad humanitarian dialogue, interethnic strategies for the study, preservation and popularization of cultural heritage were being formed. Their ideology was determined by the civilizational approach and the principles of "practical Eurasianism". When approving national priorities, the Central Asian states focused on multi-vector, multipolar cooperation, including relations in culture, politics, and economy. Historical and cultural heritage was a factor of their integration into the world cultural community and into the space of the Turkic world. With the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the processes of cultural dialogue in the post-Soviet space have reached a new level. The formation of variable integration models has determined one of the main trends in the development of Central Asian countries.

Rock art has been a subject of fascination for scholars, archaeologists, and enthusiasts for centuries due to its unique aesthetic qualities and cultural significance. This systematic review paper provides an overview of the significance of rock art motifs and their interpretations. Through a comprehensive analysis of the literature, we identified common rock art motifs and themes, as well as various interpretative approaches and theoretical frameworks used to understand the meanings and contexts of these motifs. The review also explores variations in interpretations across time and space and discusses the implications of these findings for rock art studies. The results reveal that rock art motifs and their interpretations are shaped by diverse cultural, social, and historical contexts, and that interdisciplinary and community-engaged research is needed to better understand, preserve, and appreciate this unique cultural heritage. The limitations and recommendations for future research are also discussed. This review contributes to our understanding of the cultural, symbolic, and aesthetic significance of rock art and highlights the importance of interdisciplinary perspectives and engagement with local communities in the study and conservation of rock art sites and cultural heritage.

Welcome Message from the Conference Chairs On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we wish to welcome you to the 2021 IEEE International Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage - MetroArchaeo2021. The combined use of numerical approaches and metrology in archaeology and, more generally, in the study of cultural heritage, is a firmly established reality in contemporary research, which is undergoing rapid evolution both in the scale, type and scope of applications. Metrology includes both theoretical and practical aspects with reference to measurements, whatever their uncertainties are, and in whatever fields of science or technology they occur. The characterization, valorisation and preservation of cultural heritage are therefore deeply related to metrological issues, for the collection, interpretation and validation of data, through the use of different analytical tools, physical-chemical and mechanical techniques, digital technologies, new ICT tools. MetroArchaeo2021 aims to gather a wide range of scholars and heritage scientists working in universities and research centres, museums, galleries, libraries, archives, small and medium enterprises. MetroArchaeo2021 is conceived as an occasion to foster exchanges of ideas and information, to establish connections and collaborations, and to share innovative solutions in the field of measurements applied to cultural heritage, among material scientists, chemists, physicists, engineers, archaeologists, conservators, restorers. List of MetroArchaeo 2021 Committee are avilable in this pdf.

This study examines the critical role of storytelling in the preservation and transmission of cultural heritage in the historical cities of Diyarbakır and Mardin, located in Southeastern Turkey. Through an interdisciplinary perspective grounded in heritage studies, oral tradition, and urban memory, the research investigates how narratives associated with tangible and intangible heritage contribute to cultural continuity. The study focuses on folk stories linked to monuments, religious structures, domestic architecture, bathhouses, cemeteries, and sacred sites, as well as traditional crafts, music, and rituals. These stories, passed down orally and reinterpreted across generations, transform static heritage elements into living expressions of identity, belief, and memory. In alignment with the values articulated in UNESCO's 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, it is argued that storytelling strengthens communal bonds and reinforces urban identity. It also emphasizes the importance of digital storytelling, education, and tourism in ensuring the sustainability of oral heritage traditions in the face of globalization. The case of Diyarbakır and Mardin demonstrates how narrative practices serve as powerful tools for safeguarding cultural diversity and fostering a deeper understanding of historical landscapes.

The scientific heritage of an outstanding scholar-ethnologist, science organizer, devotee, educator, public figure, Doctor of History, professor, academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Hanna Arkadiivna Skrypnyk, a talented and wise director of the academic multidisciplinary M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (2002–2024), academician-secretary of the Department of Literature, Language and Art Studies of the NAS of Ukraine, is submitted in the article. The leading area of activity of the scientist, as the head of the institution, namely the development of relevant research trends, the formation of scientific schools and the submitting the multi-volume fundamental works (specialized histories, encyclopaedias, etc.) to society is described. The priority area of the Instituteʼs scientific activity is also considered in the article. It includes the preservation and popularization of ethnographic heritage. Emphasis is placed on the productive and multifaceted international scientific cooperation under the leadership of H. Skrypnyk together with academic scholars from Poland, Hungary, North Macedonia, Lithuania, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria, France, Turkey, Canada, the United States, Japan, Israel, and other countries in the field of Ukrainian Studies, ethnology and the humanities in general. She has been the head of the Ukrainian branch of the International Association for the Study and Dissemination of Slavic Cultures at UNESCO, president of the International Association of Ukrainianists, and co-chair of the International Association of Ethnologists. A brief description is given of the outstanding scholarʼs own monographic works on the problems of historical past and current state of ethnoculture in its regional and interethnic dimensions, the spiritual culture of the Ukrainian people, the ecology of national culture, ethnoidentification processes, ethnopsychology and ethnonational relations, the preservation and study of cultural heritage, ethnographic museology, history and theory of Ukrainian and foreign ethnology. Hanna Arkadiivna Skrypnyk as an authoritative world-class scholar, is a benchmark for contemporary Ukrainian humanitarianism, thanks to which her name is widely known in Ukraine as well as far beyond its borders.

24—25 April 2018 the Russian State Library (RSL) held the International Scientific-Practical Conference “Rumyantsev Readings — 2018. Libraries and Museums as Cultural and Scientific Centers: Historical Retrospective and Look into the Future. To the 190th anniversary of the RumyantsevMuseum”. Three hundred eighty five specialists fromRussia, Azerbaijan Belarus,Kazakhstan,LithuaniaandUkraineattended the conference. During online broadcasting of Plenary Session and one of the Sections there were registered 692 connections. In addition to the main topic stated in the title, the Conference traditionally deals with a wide range of issues on theory and practice of library and information science, bibliography science, bibliology, history of public holdings and private collections, and current activities of modern libraries. The following sections worked at the “Rumyantsev Readings” Conference: “Libraries and Publishers: Ways of Cooperation”, “Library Classification Systems”, “Specialized Documents (Maps, Printed Music, Sound Recordings, Newspapers, Dissertations, etc.) in Library Collections”, “Archaeographic and Historiographic Aspects in Study of Manuscripts”, “Manuscript Sources in Library Collections”, “Rare and Valuable Books, Book Monuments and Collections”, “Collectors, Researchers and Custodians. Libraries and Museums in the Context of History”, “Effective Management in Library: Problems and Solutions (Pre-Session Meeting of the 32nd Section of the Russian Library Association on Library Management and Marketing)”, “Electronic Information Resources”, “Theory and Practice of Librarianship Development at the Present Stage”, “Bibliography and Information — Bibliographic Services”. The following Round tables took place at the Conference: “Public Centers of Legal Information of Libraries as Centers of Formation of Information and Legal Culture of Citizens: the 20th Anniversary of the Formation of Public Centers of Legal Information in Russia”, “Library in Preservation and Development of Historical and Cultural Heritage of the CIS Countries”, “Standardi- zation in the Field of Library — Information Services: Discussion of Draft Standard”, as well as the Seminar “Science in Library: Content, Organization and Presentation of Results”, from the series “The Role of Science in the Development of Libraries: Theoretical and Practical Aspects”. Traditional annual conference of the Russian State Library is one of the largest scientific-practical events of the library life in our country and can rightfully claim the international status. The number of participants from year to year demonstrates interest of researchers from various scientific and cultural insti- tutions and practical experts of librarianship to the issues raised at the Conference and the need for such events. “Rumyantsev Readings —2018”helped to draw attention to the problems of operation of libraries at the present historical stage, to the search for innovative development ways, expansion of cooperation between institutions of culture, education, science and intercultural interaction, preservation and study of the world cultural heritage and national values, intensification of scientific research on a wide range of issues of bibliology and library and information science.