Novel Photo-Fenton Oxidation with Sand and Carbon Filtration of High Concentration Reactive Dyes both with and without Biodegradation

Abstract

There is an increasing need to provide rural textile dye operations in developing nations with an effective and low-cost method to clean dye wastewater. Such operations often have no choice in the location of their wastewater disposal due to their lack of funds and influence in the industry, resulting in wastewater disposal that is detrimental to environmental safety. Photo-Fenton oxidation, an advanced oxidation process used to degrade low-concentration textile dye wastewater, has shown promise using expensive chemicals in laboratory-scale projects. Aerobic biodegradation, a common biological treatment method used in large-scale low-concentration textile industrial applications, generates large amounts of hazardous biological waste. This paper presents successful decolorization of high-concentration reactive dye wastewater using a wide range of temperatures and solar irradiances in two locations for the first time. To fully degrade dye wastewater, full oxidation times combined with sand and carbon filtration rank more important than different iron surface areas. UV-visible spectrometry, GC/MS, and ICP techniques along with measured COD levels were used to support these findings. This study is expected to provide a low-cost method to clean high concentration dye effluent as it deals with testing sustainable decolorization of textile dye wastewater using photo-Fenton oxidation and sand and carbon filtration in a reactor and the filter that is constructed of recycled rusty metal and locally available sand.