Novel nanotechnology approaches for diagnosis and therapy of breast, ovarian and cervical cancer in female: A review

Abstract

Cancer is the second well-known cause of death. Approx 18.1 million cancer cases have been recorded worldwide (9.5 million men and 8.5 million women) in 2018. In the case of women, 25.4% of cases were of breast cancer, 6.9% of cervical cancer, and it is the fourth most common cancer in women. About 3.6% of ovarian cancer from the total number of new cases diagnosed in 2018. With this expanding global burden, prevention of cancer in women is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Nanotechnology offers advantageous drug delivery systems that support its ability to deliver therapeutic and diagnostic purpose. Nanoformulation is frequently employed precisely to aim the target organ, to maintain the bioactivity of drug load, preferentially accumulate the drug at the target site as well as reducing the cytotoxicity. There are various nanoformulation based chemotherapeutic delivery systems have been used by the US-FDA for clinical trials for treatment of breast, cervical and ovarian cancer. These delivery systems include lipid-based nanoformulation, vesicular nanosystem, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticle, carbon nanotubes, and theranaustic formulation. Doxil® and Abraxane® are the first anticancer nanoformulation available in the market. The aim of this review summarized potential research on nanoformulation used in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer.