Novel fault location algorithm for meshed distribution networks with DERs

Abstract

Modern electrical networks are continuously evolving due to the increasing deployment of Information Technologies and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). This scenario affects the quality of the electricity supply of distribution systems. For this reason, this quality plays a key role on the evolution of electrical networks into Smart Grids.Quality of the electricity supply is defined through three main skills: reliability of the electric power system, power quality and customer relationships, all of them under safety layer. From the network operation point of view, availability in a distribution network is crucial to maintain reliability. Fault location is a priority for electrical network operators in their efforts to ensure high quality for loads, generators and prosumers. The presence of DERs in current electrical distribution networks poses a new scenario where bidirectional current flow complicates fault detection. Implementation of the Smart Grid concept in these networks depends on the automation of procedures such as Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration, which enable a rapid response to faults. This paper proposes a fault detection algorithm for grid topologies such as radial, ring, meshed with or without DER penetration.